The relationship between hypomagnesemia, metformin therapy and cardiovascular disease complicating type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study

Low serum magnesium concentrations have been associated with cardiovascular disease risk and outcomes in some general population studies but there are no equivalent studies in diabetes. Metformin may have cardiovascular benefits beyond blood glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes but its association wi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2013-09, Vol.8 (9), p.e74355-e74355
Main Authors: Peters, Kirsten E, Chubb, S A Paul, Davis, Wendy A, Davis, Timothy M E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Analysis
Antidiabetics
Atherosclerosis
Blood glucose
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - complications
Care and treatment
Coronary artery disease
Coronary heart disease
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Diabetes research
Diabetes therapy
Female
Health risks
Heart
Heart diseases
Hospitals
Humans
Hypertension
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
Hypomagnesemia
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Laboratories
Magnesium
Magnesium - blood
Magnesium deficiency
Male
Males
Medicine
Metformin
Metformin - therapeutic use
Middle Aged
Morbidity
Mortality
Patients
Pharmacology
Population studies
Risk factors
Stroke
Studies
Sulfonylurea
Systematic review
Television production companies
Therapy
Type 2 diabetes
Urine
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Summary:Low serum magnesium concentrations have been associated with cardiovascular disease risk and outcomes in some general population studies but there are no equivalent studies in diabetes. Metformin may have cardiovascular benefits beyond blood glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes but its association with hypomagnesemia appears paradoxical. The aim of this study was to examine relationships between metformin therapy, magnesium homoeostasis and cardiovascular disease in well-characterized type 2 patients from the community. We studied 940 non-insulin-treated patients (mean ± SD age 63.4 ± 11.6 years, 49.0% males) from the longitudinal observational Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase I (FDS1) who were followed for 12.3 ± 5.3 years. Baseline serum magnesium was measured using stored sera. Multivariate methods were used to determine associates of prevalent and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) as ascertained from self-report and linked morbidity/mortality databases. 19% of patients were hypomagnesemic (serum magnesium
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0074355