Seroprevalence of pertussis in Senegal: a prospective study

Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a vaccine-preventable respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis infection, against which Senegalese children are immunized with the diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis vaccine (DTwP). Seroepidemiology of pertussis has been widely described in...

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Published in:PloS one 2012-10, Vol.7 (10), p.e48684-e48684
Main Authors: Gaayeb, Lobna, Sarr, Jean Biram, Ndiath, Mamadou O, Hanon, Jean-Baptiste, Debrie, Anne-Sophie, Seck, Modou, Schacht, Anne-Marie, Remoué, Franck, Hermann, Emmanuel, Riveau, Gilles
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies, Bacterial - blood
Antibodies, Bacterial - immunology
Antibody response
Bacteria
Biology
Biomedical research
Bordetella pertussis
Bordetella pertussis - immunology
Breeding of animals
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Cough
Crop diseases
Developing Countries
Diphtheria
Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine - administration & dosage
Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine - immunology
Epidemiology
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
IgG antibody
Immunization
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin G - immunology
Immunoglobulins
Immunology
Infant
Infection
Infections
Infectious diseases
LDCs
Male
Medicine
Outbreaks
Pediatrics
Pertussis
Pertussis toxin
Pertussis Toxin - immunology
Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - administration & dosage
Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - immunology
Prospective Studies
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory tract diseases
Rivers
Senegal - epidemiology
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Seroepidemiology
Studies
Surveys
Tetanus
Time Factors
Towns
Vaccination
Vaccines
Vaccines, Combined - administration & dosage
Vaccines, Combined - immunology
Villages
Whooping cough
Whooping Cough - epidemiology
Whooping Cough - immunology
Whooping Cough - prevention & control
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Summary:Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a vaccine-preventable respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis infection, against which Senegalese children are immunized with the diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis vaccine (DTwP). Seroepidemiology of pertussis has been widely described in industrialized countries, but rare are the studies referring to it in developing countries. We conducted a longitudinal survey in Northern Senegal to investigate the epidemiology of B. pertussis by evaluating the IgG antibody (Ab) response against pertussis toxin (PT). A cohort of 410 children aged 1 to 9 from five villages in the Middle Senegal River Valley were followed-up for 18 months. During that period, five visits were made to assess the immunological status of the children. PT-specific IgG responses were significantly different according to age. Until the age of 3, there was a decrease in the Ab response, which then increased in the older groups. Assessment of IgG antibodies to PT (IgG-PT) suggested evidence of recent exposures to the pathogen. Surprisingly, in one of the five villages the average Ab response to PT was very low at all ages during the first 6 months of the study. At the third visit, IgG-PT concentrations peaked to very high levels, to slightly decline at the end of the survey. This indicates an outbreak of B. pertussis, whereas in the other villages a pertussis endemic profile could be observed. Pertussis is endemic in Northern Senegal despite the introduction of vaccination. The circulation of the bacteria seems to differ between geographic locations and over time. A more complete understanding of the epidemiology of pertussis and its environmental determinants could provide information to adapt vaccination programs.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0048684