Acutely decreased thermoregulatory energy expenditure or decreased activity energy expenditure both acutely reduce food intake in mice

Despite the suggestion that reduced energy expenditure may be a key contributor to the obesity pandemic, few studies have tested whether acutely reduced energy expenditure is associated with a compensatory reduction in food intake. The homeostatic mechanisms that control food intake and energy expen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2012-08, Vol.7 (8), p.e41473-e41473
Main Authors: Kaiyala, Karl J, Morton, Gregory J, Thaler, Joshua P, Meek, Thomas H, Tylee, Tracy, Ogimoto, Kayoko, Wisse, Brent E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ambient temperature
Animal models
Animals
Biology
Body Composition - physiology
Body temperature
Calorimetry, Indirect
Eating - physiology
Energy
Energy expenditure
Energy intake
Energy metabolism
Energy Metabolism - physiology
Exercise
Food
Food intake
Homeostasis
Laboratory animals
Male
Medicine
Metabolism
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Nutrition research
Obesity
Pandemics
Physical training
Physiological aspects
Rodents
Studies
Temperature
Temperature effects
Thermogenesis
Wheel running
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Summary:Despite the suggestion that reduced energy expenditure may be a key contributor to the obesity pandemic, few studies have tested whether acutely reduced energy expenditure is associated with a compensatory reduction in food intake. The homeostatic mechanisms that control food intake and energy expenditure remain controversial and are thought to act over days to weeks. We evaluated food intake in mice using two models of acutely decreased energy expenditure: 1) increasing ambient temperature to thermoneutrality in mice acclimated to standard laboratory temperature or 2) exercise cessation in mice accustomed to wheel running. Increasing ambient temperature (from 21 °C to 28 °C) rapidly decreased energy expenditure, demonstrating that thermoregulatory energy expenditure contributes to both light cycle (40 ± 1%) and dark cycle energy expenditure (15 ± 3%) at normal ambient temperature (21 °C). Reducing thermoregulatory energy expenditure acutely decreased food intake primarily during the light cycle (65 ± 7%), thus conflicting with the delayed compensation model, but did not alter spontaneous activity. Acute exercise cessation decreased energy expenditure only during the dark cycle (14 ± 2% at 21 °C; 21 ± 4% at 28 °C), while food intake was reduced during the dark cycle (0.9 ± 0.1 g) in mice housed at 28 °C, but during the light cycle (0.3 ± 0.1 g) in mice housed at 21 °C. Cumulatively, there was a strong correlation between the change in daily energy expenditure and the change in daily food intake (R(2) = 0.51, p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0041473