Dysregulation of cytokine response in Canadian First Nations communities: is there an association with persistent organic pollutant levels?

In vitro and animal studies report that some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) trigger the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Whether POP exposure is associated with a dysregulation of cytokine response remains to be investigated in humans. We studied the strength of association between plas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2012-07, Vol.7 (7), p.e39931
Main Authors: Imbeault, Pascal, Findlay, C Scott, Robidoux, Michael A, Haman, François, Blais, Jules M, Tremblay, Angelo, Springthorpe, Susan, Pal, Shinjini, Seabert, Tim, Krümmel, Eva M, Maal-Bared, Rasha, Tetro, Jason A, Pandey, Sunita, Sattar, Syed A, Filion, Lionel G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aroclor
Aroclor 1260
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Biology
Bisphenol-A
Body mass
Body mass index
Body size
Canadian native peoples
Chemistry
Communities
Cytokines
Cytokines - blood
DDE
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Environmental pollution
European Continental Ancestry Group
Exposure
Female
Hazardous Substances - adverse effects
Hexachlorocyclohexane
Humans
Immune response
Inflammation
Inflammation - blood
Inflammation - chemically induced
Insecticide resistance
Insecticides
Insecticides - adverse effects
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Interleukin 10
Interleukin 12
Interleukin 2
Interleukin 22
Interleukin 4
Interleukin 5
Interleukin 6
Interleukin 8
Male
Metabolic Diseases - blood
Metabolic Diseases - chemically induced
Metabolic Diseases - epidemiology
Metabolic disorders
Metabolites
Middle Aged
Mirex
Nations
Nitrous oxide
Obesity
Ontario - epidemiology
Organic compounds
Organochlorine pesticides
PCB
PCB compounds
Persistent organic pollutants
Plasma levels
Pollutants
Pollution levels
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Tumor necrosis factor-α
Type 2 diabetes
γ-Interferon
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Summary:In vitro and animal studies report that some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) trigger the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Whether POP exposure is associated with a dysregulation of cytokine response remains to be investigated in humans. We studied the strength of association between plasma POP levels and circulating cytokines as immune activation markers. Plasma levels of fourteen POPs and thirteen cytokines were measured in 39 Caucasians from a comparator sample in Québec City (Canada) and 72 First Nations individuals from two northern communities of Ontario (Canada). Caucasians showed significantly higher levels of organochlorine insecticides (β-HCH, p,p'-DDE and HCB) compared to First Nations. Conversely, First Nations showed higher levels of Mirex, Aroclor 1260, PCB 153, PCB 170, PCB 180 and PCB 187 compared to Caucasians. While there was no difference in cytokine levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-22 between groups, First Nations had significantly greater average levels of IFNγ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-17A, TNFα and TNFβ levels compared to Caucasians. Among candidate predictor variables (age, body mass index, insulin resistance and POP levels), high levels of PCBs were the only predictor accounting for a small but significant effect of observed variance (∼7%) in cytokine levels. Overall, a weak but significant association is detected between persistent organochlorine pollutant exposure and elevated cytokine levels. This finding augments the already existing information that environmental pollution is related to inflammation, a common feature of several metabolic disorders that are known to be especially prevalent in Canada's remote First Nations communities.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0039931