Effectiveness of pandemic H1N1-2009 vaccination in reducing laboratory confirmed influenza infections among military recruits in tropical Singapore

Limited information is available about pandemic H1N1-2009 influenza vaccine effectiveness in tropical communities. We studied the effectiveness of a pandemic H1N1 vaccination program in reducing influenza cases in Singapore. A surveillance study was conducted among military personnel presenting with...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2011-10, Vol.6 (10), p.e26572-e26572
Main Authors: Lee, Vernon J, Tan, Chi Hsien, Yap, Jonathan, Cook, Alex R, Ting, Pei-Jun, Loh, Jin-Phang, Gao, Qiuhan, Chen, Mark I, Kang, Wee Lee, Tan, Boon Huan, Tambyah, Paul A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Autoregressive models
Bayesian analysis
Biology
Development and progression
Female
Health aspects
Health risks
Humans
Immunization
Incidence
Infections
Influenza
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - immunology
Influenza B
Influenza vaccines
Influenza Vaccines - immunology
Influenza, Human - epidemiology
Influenza, Human - immunology
Influenza, Human - prevention & control
Influenza, Human - virology
Laboratories
Male
Medical research
Medicine
Military
Military personnel
Military Personnel - statistics & numerical data
Pandemics
Pandemics - prevention & control
Polymerase chain reaction
Recruiting
Reproducibility of Results
Respiratory diseases
Risk assessment
Risk Factors
Singapore - epidemiology
Swine flu
Treatment Outcome
Tropical Climate
Vaccination
Vaccine efficacy
Vaccines
Young Adult
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Summary:Limited information is available about pandemic H1N1-2009 influenza vaccine effectiveness in tropical communities. We studied the effectiveness of a pandemic H1N1 vaccination program in reducing influenza cases in Singapore. A surveillance study was conducted among military personnel presenting with febrile respiratory illness from mid-2009 to mid-2010. Consenting individuals underwent nasal washes, which were tested with RT-PCR and subtyped. A vaccination program (inactivated monovalent Panvax H1N1-2009 vaccine) was carried out among recruits. A Bayesian hierarchical model was used to quantify relative risks in the pre- and post-vaccination periods. An autoregressive generalised linear model (GLM) was developed to minimise confounding. Of 2858 participants, 437 (15.3%), 60 (2.1%), and 273 (9.6%) had pandemic H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B. The ratio of relative risks for pandemic H1N1 infection before and after vaccination for the recruit camp relative to other camps was 0.14 (0.016,0.49); for H3N2, 0.44 (0.035,1.8); and for influenza B, 18 (0.77,89). Using the GLM for the recruit camp, post-vaccination weekly cases decreased by 54% (37%,67%, p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0026572