Development of the 'Activities of Daily Vision Scale': A Measure of Visual Functional Status

To develop a method for the evaluation of visual function in subjects with cataracts, the authors identified 20 visual activities and categorized them into five subscales (distance vision, near vision, glare disability, night driving, and daytime driving) that comprised the Activities of Daily Visio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical care 1992-12, Vol.30 (12), p.1111-1126
Main Authors: Mangione, Carol M., Phillips, Russell S., Seddon, Johanna M., Lawrence, Mary G., Cook, E. Francis, Dailey, Ronald, Goldman, Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of Daily Living
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Algorithms
Analysis. Health state
Automobile Driving
Biological and medical sciences
Cataract - diagnosis
Cataract - epidemiology
Cataract - physiopathology
Cataract extraction
Cataracts
Correlation coefficients
Disabilities
Distance Perception
Epidemiology
Evaluation Studies as Topic
Eyes
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
General aspects
Geriatric Assessment
Glare
Health Care Sciences & Services
Health Policy & Services
Humans
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Male
Massachusetts - epidemiology
Medical sciences
Observer Variation
Psychometrics
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Questionnaires
Reproducibility of Results
Science & Technology
Telephone
Telephone interviews
Telephones
Time Factors
Vision Screening - instrumentation
Vision Screening - standards
Visual acuity
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Summary:To develop a method for the evaluation of visual function in subjects with cataracts, the authors identified 20 visual activities and categorized them into five subscales (distance vision, near vision, glare disability, night driving, and daytime driving) that comprised the Activities of Daily Vision Scale (ADVS). Each subscale in the ADVS was scored between 100 (no visual difficulty) and 0 (inability to perform the activity because of visual difficulty). In 334 subjects scheduled for cataract extraction (mean age 75 ± 9 years, 67% women), ADVS scores (mean ± standard deviation) for each subscale ranged from 44 ± 31 for night driving to 72 ± 24 for near vision activities. When administered by telephone, inter-rater reliability coefficients (r) were 0.82 to 0.97 (P < 0.001) for each of the subscales, and test-retest reliability was 0.87 for the scale overall. Cronbach's coefficient α was very high for both the in-person (α = 0.94) and telephone (α = 0.91) formats. Criterion validity, the correlation between visual loss and ADVS score, was -0.37 (P < 0.001) when the ADVS was administered in person and -0.39 (P < 0.001) when it was administered by telephone. Content validity as assessed with factor analysis showed that 88% of the variance of the principal components weighted on one factor. The authors conclude that substantial visual disability is not captured by routine visual testing and that the ADVS is a reliable and valid measure of patient's perception of visual functional impairment.
ISSN:0025-7079
1537-1948
DOI:10.1097/00005650-199212000-00004