Chronic hypoxia and the cerebral circulation

Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio Exposure to mild hypoxia elicits a characteristic cerebrovascular response in mammals, including humans. Initially, cerebral blood flow (CBF) increases as much as twofold. The blood flow increase is blunted so...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2006-02, Vol.100 (2), p.725-730
Main Authors: Xu, Kui, LaManna, Joseph C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Blood vessels
Blood Volume
Brain
Brain - blood supply
Brain - pathology
Brain - physiopathology
Carbon Dioxide - blood
Cerebrovascular Circulation - physiology
Chronic Disease
Circulatory system
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Hyperventilation - blood
Hyperventilation - physiopathology
Hypoxia - blood
Hypoxia - pathology
Hypoxia - physiopathology
Neovascularization, Pathologic
Oxygen - blood
Partial Pressure
Species Specificity
Time Factors
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Summary:Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio Exposure to mild hypoxia elicits a characteristic cerebrovascular response in mammals, including humans. Initially, cerebral blood flow (CBF) increases as much as twofold. The blood flow increase is blunted somewhat by a decreasing arterial P CO 2 as a result of the hypoxia-induced hyperventilatory response. After a few days, CBF begins to fall back toward baseline levels as the blood oxygen-carrying capacity is increasing due to increasing hemoglobin concentration and packed red cell volume as a result of erythropoietin upregulation. By the end of 2 wk of hypoxic exposure, brain capillary density has increased with resultant decreased intercapillary distances. The relative time courses of these changes suggest that they are adjusted by different control signals and mechanisms. The CBF response appears linked to the blood oxygen-carrying capacity, whereas the hypoxia-induced brain angiogenesis appears to be in response to tissue hypoxia. altitude adaptation; angiogenesis; cerebral blood flow; cerebral blood volume Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: J. C. LaManna, Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve Univ., 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-4930 (e-mail: joseph.lamanna{at}case.edu )
ISSN:8750-7587
1522-1601
DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00940.2005