Effects of 2,4-D formulation and quinclorac on spray droplet size and deposition

Studies were conducted on the campuses of Texas A&M University in College Station, TX, and New Mexico State in Las Cruces, NM, to determine the spray droplet size spectra produced by quinclorac and 2,4-D as the liquid, dry, and emulsion formulations during application with various nozzle sizes u...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Weed technology 2005-10, Vol.19 (4), p.1030-1036
Main Authors: Sciumbato, A.S, Senseman, S.A, Ross, J, Mueller, T.C, Chandler, J.M, Cothren, J.T, Kirk, I.W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2,4-D
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical control
Crop science
droplet size
Emulsions
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Herbicides
Laser spectrometers
Liquids
Nozzles
Parasitic plants. Weeds
pesticide formulations
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
Spray deposition
spray drift
Spray nozzles
Spray volume
Weeds
Wind velocity
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Summary:Studies were conducted on the campuses of Texas A&M University in College Station, TX, and New Mexico State in Las Cruces, NM, to determine the spray droplet size spectra produced by quinclorac and 2,4-D as the liquid, dry, and emulsion formulations during application with various nozzle sizes using a laser spectrometer. Quinclorac and 2,4-D formulations were also sprayed through three different nozzle sizes in a drift chamber and allowed to settle on glass slides placed downwind. The amounts of each herbicide deposited on the slides were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography/photodiode array (HPLC/PDA) analysis to assess spray deposition of each formulation at different wind velocities. Data from the laser spectrometer suggested that formulations of 2,4-D affected droplet size, particularly when the 380 ml/min flat-fan nozzle was used. Quinclorac droplet sizes were similar to water regardless of nozzle size. Liquid and dry-formulated 2,4-D tended to be deposited downwind in greater quantities than the emulsion formulation when using the 380 and 760 ml/min spray nozzles with wind velocity of 15 km/h.
ISSN:0890-037X
1550-2740
DOI:10.1614/WT-04-236R.1