Nitrogen availability for maize from a Rolling Pampa soil after addition of biosolids

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the influence of different rates of biosolids on the soil nitrogen (N) availability for maize and its residuality. A field experiment was developed in a typic Argiudol located in the NE of the Buenos Aires Province. Maize was sown for two consecutive years...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of plant nutrition 2003-01, Vol.26 (2), p.431-441
Main Authors: Rodriguez, M.B, Maggi, L, Etchepareborda, M, Taboada, M.A, Lavado, R.S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
Biosolids
corn
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agronomy. Plant production
Maize
nitrogen
Nitrogen mineralization
nutrient availability
Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries
pampas soils
Residual effect
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments
Zea mays
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Summary:The objective of this paper was to evaluate the influence of different rates of biosolids on the soil nitrogen (N) availability for maize and its residuality. A field experiment was developed in a typic Argiudol located in the NE of the Buenos Aires Province. Maize was sown for two consecutive years 1997-1999. Biosolids from a sewage treatment plant of Buenos Aires outskirts were superficially applied to the soil and incorporated by plowing. There were eight treatments: Check; 8, 16, and 24 Mg of dry biosolid ha(-1); 8 and 16 Mg of dry biosolid ha(-1) applied one year before, 100 and 150 kg N ha(-1) of calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN). The sampling and determinations were done during the second maize cycle. At presowing (PS), sowing (S), 6 expanded leaves (V6), 12 expanded leaves (V12), and Flowering (Fl) composite soil samples from 0-40 cm depth were obtained to determine ammonium and nitrate contents. At Fl maize plants were sampled in order to determine total biomass and N content. The N-nitrate content in the soil was significantly increased by the biosolids application (p < 0.05), and varied for each increment depending on the biosolids rates and the phenological stage. After 30 days from the incorporation the increases of 1.19, 1.34, and 2.05% were observed for N-nitrates for 8, 16, and 24 Mg ha(-1), respectively. The contribution of mineral N from the biosolids was 2.48, 6.46, and 5.01 kg N Mg(-1) when the rates were incremented from 0-8, 8-16, and 16-24 Mg ha(-1), respectively. The nitrogen mineralization followed a release pattern with a maximum value of 296 kg N-nitrate ha(-1) at sowing for 24 Mg ha(-1). Since then, the release of mineral nitrogen decreased significantly till Fl. The N-nitrates values variation with the temperature adjusted to polinomic functions. The mineral N released from the biosolids increased as a response to the increment of soil temperature and then decreased due to the maize nitrogen absorption and the potentially mineralized nitrogen exhaustion. The application of 150 kg N ha(-1) as CAN incremented significantly the soil N-nitrate content and equalized 16 and 24 Mg of dry biosolids ha(-1) at V6. But, no synchronism between the high nitrate releasing from biosolids and the increment in the nitrogen absorption by maize was observed. This fact generates a surplus of nitrate that incremented the potential of nitrogen loss by lixiviation. We observed a residual effect from the biosolids that were applied the previous year. Thi
ISSN:0190-4167
1532-4087
DOI:10.1081/PLN-120017145