Activation of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) [alpha]-Amylase Inhibitor Requires Proteolytic Processing of the Proprotein

Seeds of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) contain a plant defense protein that inhibits the [alpha]-amylases of mammals and insects. This [alpha]-amylase inhibitor ([alpha]Al) is synthesized as a proprotein on the endoplasmic reticulum and is proteolytically processed after arrival in the protei...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant physiology (Bethesda) 1993-04, Vol.101 (4), p.1341-1348
Main Authors: Pueyo, J. J., Hunt, D. C., Chrispeels, M. J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AMIDES
AMINO ACIDS
AMYLASE
ANIMALS
ARTHROPODS
ASPARAGINE
ASPARTIC ACID
BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CELL CONSTITUENTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
DECOMPOSITION
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
ENZYMES
GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES
HYDROLASES
INHIBITION
INSECTS
INVERTEBRATES
LEGUMINOSAE
MAGNOLIOPHYTA
MAGNOLIOPSIDA
MAMMALS
O-GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PEPTIDES
PHASEOLUS
PLANTS
POLYPEPTIDES
PRECURSOR
PROTEINS
PROTEOLYSIS
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
SEEDS
TOBACCO
VERTEBRATES 550200 > Biochemistry
Citations: Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Seeds of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) contain a plant defense protein that inhibits the [alpha]-amylases of mammals and insects. This [alpha]-amylase inhibitor ([alpha]Al) is synthesized as a proprotein on the endoplasmic reticulum and is proteolytically processed after arrival in the protein storage vacuoles to polypeptides of relative molecular weight (M[sub r]) 15,000 to 18,000. The authors report two types of evidence that proteolytic processing is linked to activation of the inhibitory activity. First, by surveying seed extracts of wild accessions of P. vulgaris and other species in the genus Phaseolus, they found that antibodies to [alpha]Al recognize large (M[sub r] 30,000-35,000) polypeptides as well as typical [alpha]Al processing products (M[sub r] 15,000-18,000). [alpha]Al activity was found in all extracts that had the typical [alpha]Al processed polypeptides, but was absent from seed extracts that lacked such polypeptides. Second, they made a mutant [alpha]Al in which asparagine-77 is changed to aspartic acid-77. This mutation slows down the proteolytic processing of pro-[alpha]Al when the gene is expressed in tobacco. When pro-[alpha]Al was separated from mature [alpha]Al by gel filtration, pro-[alpha]Al was found not to have [alpha]-amylase inhibitory activity. The authors interpret these results to mean that formation of the active inhibitor is causally related to proteolytic processing of the proprotein. They suggest that the polypeptide cleavage removes a conformation constraint on the precursor to produce the biochemically active molecule. 43 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.
ISSN:0032-0889
1532-2548
DOI:10.1104/pp.101.4.1341