Hierarchical multi-time-scale predictive thermal management and fuel optimization for heavy-duty compression ignition engines

For heavy-duty diesel engines, NOX emissions reduction is strongly constrained by fuel efficiency. This paper presents a hierarchical model predictive controller (H-MPC) for coordinated control of tailpipe NOX emissions and fuel consumption. The H-MPC uses the separation of slow and fast dynamics th...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of engine research 2023-09, Vol.24 (9), p.4139-4153
Main Authors: Duraiarasan, Saravanan, Salehi, Rasoul, Mahesh, Siddharth, Allain, Marc
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catalysts
Chemical reduction
Controllers
Diesel engines
Emissions
Energy consumption
Energy efficiency
Engineering
Exhaust pipes
Fuel consumption
Fuel economy
Intake manifolds
Optimization
Predictive control
Rapid prototyping
Selective catalytic reduction
Thermal management
Thermodynamics
Trajectory control
Transportation
Citations: Items that this one cites
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:For heavy-duty diesel engines, NOX emissions reduction is strongly constrained by fuel efficiency. This paper presents a hierarchical model predictive controller (H-MPC) for coordinated control of tailpipe NOX emissions and fuel consumption. The H-MPC uses the separation of slow and fast dynamics that exist in the engine and its aftertreatment system. The controller is synthesized with an architecture in which a high-level MPC uses a longer prediction horizon compared to the low-level predictive controller which tracks the high-level controller command and manages the thermal dynamics of the aftertreatment system. Engine load preview enables the high-level controller to estimate the desired catalyst temperature ahead of time and addresses the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) slow thermal dynamics. Calculated by the high-level controller, the intake manifold pressure, and the start of injection (SOI) crank angle is used as reference trajectories in the low-level controller that regulates fast dynamical behaviors such as engine out NOX emissions. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) validation of this integrated H-MPC on a rapid prototype controller shows that when the SCR catalyst temperature is above light-off temperature (warmed-up condition), the engine operation is shifted to operate with the best fuel economy since the warmed-up SCR can efficiently reduce the engine-out NOX emissions. Results indicate that up to 0.8% benefit in cycle averaged BSFC along with a 13% reduction in tailpipe NOX compared to a stock engine calibration can be achieved with the coordinated engine and aftertreatment system through H-MPC.
ISSN:1468-0874
2041-3149
DOI:10.1177/14680874231181961