Stability of ternesite and the production at scale of ternesite-based clinkers

A method to synthesize high-purity ternesite is presented and the importance of reaction volume is highlighted; a brief description of the product morphology is also presented. Thermodynamic data for ternesite are derived and the limits of ternesite stability are then explored. An upper temperature...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cement and concrete research 2017-08, Vol.98, p.91-100
Main Authors: Hanein, Theodore, Galan, Isabel, Glasser, Fredrik P., Skalamprinos, Solon, Elhoweris, Ammar, Imbabi, Mohammed S., Bannerman, Marcus N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ATMOSPHERES
Atmospheric models
CALCIUM
Cement manufacture (E)
CEMENTS
Chemical synthesis
CONTROL
Dicalcium silicate
FORECASTING
Fugacity
IMPURITIES
KILNS
MATERIALS SCIENCE
METERS
MODIFICATIONS
MORPHOLOGY
Purity
SCALERS
SIMULATION
STABILITY
Sulfoaluminate (D)
Ternesite
Thermodynamic calculations (B)
THERMODYNAMICS
VOLATILITY
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Summary:A method to synthesize high-purity ternesite is presented and the importance of reaction volume is highlighted; a brief description of the product morphology is also presented. Thermodynamic data for ternesite are derived and the limits of ternesite stability are then explored. An upper temperature stability limit of ≈1290°C at 1atm is determined; however, this temperature is dependent on the fugacity of the volatile components in the atmosphere. Thermodynamic predictions confirm that belite and ternesite rich calcium sulfoaluminate clinkers can be readily produced in a single stage process at temperatures above 1200°C provided the atmosphere and temperature are controlled. To demonstrate this control at larger scales, a conventional 7.4-meter rotary kiln has been used to produce ≈20kg of ternesite-containing clinkers. This demonstrates the usefulness of thermodynamic modelling as it has enabled ternesite-based clinkers to be readily produced at scale in a single-stage process using existing equipment without major modifications.
ISSN:0008-8846
1873-3948
DOI:10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.04.010