Dietary chromium and nickel enhance UV-carcinogenesis in skin of hairless mice

The skin cancer enhancing effect of chromium (in male mice) and nickel in UVR-irradiated female Skh1 mice was investigated. The dietary vitamin E and selenomethionine were tested for prevention of chromium-enhanced skin carcinogenesis. The mice were exposed to UVR (1.0 kJ/m 2 3× weekly) for 26 weeks...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2007-06, Vol.221 (3), p.329-338
Main Authors: Uddin, Ahmed N., Burns, Fredric J., Rossman, Toby G., Chen, Haobin, Kluz, Thomas, Costa, Max
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
Administration, Oral
Animals
ANTIOXIDANTS
Biological and medical sciences
Cancer
CARCINOGENESIS
CARCINOGENS
Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases
CHROMATES
CHROMIUM
Chromium Compounds - administration & dosage
Chromium Compounds - metabolism
Chromium Compounds - toxicity
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
DRINKING WATER
Environmental Exposure
Female
IRRADIATION
Male
Medical sciences
Metals and various inorganic compounds
MICE
Mice, Hairless
NEOPLASMS
Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - etiology
NICKEL
Nickel - administration & dosage
Nickel - metabolism
Nickel - toxicity
NICKEL CHLORIDES
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
POTASSIUM
Radiation-Sensitizing Agents - administration & dosage
Radiation-Sensitizing Agents - metabolism
Radiation-Sensitizing Agents - toxicity
selenium
Sex Factors
SKIN
Skin - metabolism
Skin - pathology
Skin Neoplasms - etiology
Solar UV
Statistics, Nonparametric
Sunlight - adverse effects
Toxicology
Trace Elements - administration & dosage
Trace Elements - metabolism
Trace Elements - toxicity
Ultraviolet Rays - adverse effects
VITAMIN E
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Summary:The skin cancer enhancing effect of chromium (in male mice) and nickel in UVR-irradiated female Skh1 mice was investigated. The dietary vitamin E and selenomethionine were tested for prevention of chromium-enhanced skin carcinogenesis. The mice were exposed to UVR (1.0 kJ/m 2 3× weekly) for 26 weeks either alone, or combined with 2.5 or 5.0 ppm potassium chromate, or with 20, 100 or 500 ppm nickel chloride in drinking water. Vitamin E or selenomethionine was added to the lab chow for 29 weeks beginning 3 weeks before the start of UVR exposure. Both chromium and nickel significantly increased the UVR-induced skin cancer yield in mice. In male Skh1 mice, UVR alone induced 1.9 ± 0.4 cancers/mouse, and 2.5 or 5.0 ppm potassium chromate added to drinking water increased the yields to 5.9 ± 0.8 and 8.6 ± 0.9 cancers/mouse, respectively. In female Skh1 mice, UVR alone induced 1.7 ± 0.4 cancers/mouse, and the addition of 20, 100 or 500 ppm nickel chloride increased the yields to 2.8 ± 0.9, 5.6 ± 0.7 and 4.2 ± 1.0 cancers/mouse, respectively. Neither vitamin E nor selenomethionine reduced the cancer yield enhancement by chromium. These results confirm that chromium and nickel, while not good skin carcinogens per se, are enhancers of UVR-induced skin cancers in Skh1 mice. Data also suggest that the enhancement of UVR-induced skin cancers by chromate may not be oxidatively mediated since the antioxidant vitamin E as well as selenomethionine, found to prevent arsenite-enhanced skin carcinogenesis, failed to suppress enhancement by chromate.
ISSN:0041-008X
1096-0333
DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2007.03.030