Engineering Perovskite Precursor Inks for Scalable Production of High‐Efficiency Perovskite Photovoltaic Modules

Blade coating of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules has progressed considerably toward the industrial production of perovskite photovoltaics. Developing stable perovskite precursors is critical for achieving uniform coating over large areas. Here, the engineering of a perovskite precursor sol...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced energy materials 2023-06, Vol.13 (22), p.n/a
Main Authors: Chung, Jaehoon, Kim, Seung‐Woo, Li, You, Mariam, Tamanna, Wang, Xiaoming, Rajakaruna, Manoj, Saeed, Muhammad Mohsin, Abudulimu, Abasi, Shin, Seong Sik, Guye, Kathryn N., Huang, Zixu, Westbrook, Robert J. E., Miller, Emily, Subedi, Biwas, Podraza, Nikolas J., Heben, Michael J., Ellingson, Randy J., Ginger, David S., Song, Zhaoning, Yan, Yanfa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blade coating
Energy conversion efficiency
Inks
Laser beams
metrology
perovskite photovoltaic modules
perovskite solar cells
Perovskites
Phase stability
Photoluminescence
Photovoltaic cells
Pinholes
precursor ink engineering
Precursors
Solar cells
Spectroellipsometry
Unit cell
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Summary:Blade coating of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules has progressed considerably toward the industrial production of perovskite photovoltaics. Developing stable perovskite precursors is critical for achieving uniform coating over large areas. Here, the engineering of a perovskite precursor solution consisting of 2‐methoxyethanol (2‐Me) and 1,3‐dimethyl‐imidazolidinone (DMI) with superior intermediate phase stability that enables scalable production of efficient perovskite solar modules is reported. With this perovskite precursor solution, uniform and pinhole‐less perovskite film is deposited over a large area of > 100 cm2 and higher‐efficiency PSCs and modules are obtained. The best‐performing unit cell and module with n‐i‐p configuration reach power conversion efficiencies of 23.4% and 20.1%, respectively. Additionally, a series of non‐destructive metrology methods, such as spectroscopic ellipsometry, hyperspectral photoluminescence, electroluminescence, and laser beam‐induced current mapping, are employed to assess and guide the development the blade‐coated perovskite modules. This results show that rational engineering of precursor inks for blade coating is promising for the scalable production of efficient perovskite solar modules. 1,3‐dimethyl‐imidazolidinone (DMI) is employed as an additive in the perovskite precursor ink to stabilize the intermediate phase for scalable production of high‐efficiency perovskite solar mini‐modules. This approach allows blade coating of large‐area, uniform, and pinhole‐less perovskite films, enabling 23.4% and 20.1% power conversion efficiencies for the best‐performing unit cell and module with n‐i‐p configuration, respectively.
ISSN:1614-6832
1614-6840
DOI:10.1002/aenm.202300595