Characterization of uniaxial high-speed stretch as an in vitro model of mild traumatic brain injury on the blood-brain barrier

[Display omitted] •10% and 15% high-speed stretch decreases viability and increases apoptosis.•15% high-speed stretch induces necrosis.•5% high-speed stretch increases expression of claudin-5 and decreases permeability.•10% and 15% high-speed stretch may be used to replicate mild TBI.•5% high-speed...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroscience letters 2018-04, Vol.672 (C), p.123-129
Main Authors: Rosas-Hernandez, Hector, Cuevas, Elvis, Escudero-Lourdes, Claudia, Lantz, Susan M., Sturdivant, Nasya M., Imam, Syed Z., Sarkar, Sumit, Slikker, William, Paule, Merle G., Balachandran, Kartik, Ali, Syed F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological Transport
Blood-brain barrier
Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism
Brain Concussion - metabolism
Cell death
Cells, Cultured
Claudin-5 - metabolism
Endothelial Cells - metabolism
High-speed stretch
Occludin - metabolism
Permeability
Rats
Tight Junction Proteins - metabolism
Tight junctions
Tight Junctions - metabolism
Traumatic brain injury
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Summary:[Display omitted] •10% and 15% high-speed stretch decreases viability and increases apoptosis.•15% high-speed stretch induces necrosis.•5% high-speed stretch increases expression of claudin-5 and decreases permeability.•10% and 15% high-speed stretch may be used to replicate mild TBI.•5% high-speed stretch enhances the barrier properties of the BBB in vitro. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when external mechanical forces induce brain damage as result of impact, penetration or rapid acceleration/deceleration that causes deformation of brain tissue. Depending on its severity, TBI can be classified as mild, moderate or severe and can lead to blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of uniaxial high-speed stretch (HSS) at 0, 5, 10 and 15% on a pure culture of primary rat brain endothelial cells as an in vitro model of TBI to the BBB. LDH release, viability and apoptosis analysis, expression of tight junction proteins and endothelial permeability were evaluated 24 h after a single stretch episode. HSS slightly increased cell death and apoptosis at 10 and 15%, while LDH release was increased only at 15% stretch. Occludin expression was increased at 10% stretch, while claudin-5 expression was increased at 5% stretch, which also decreased the endothelial permeability. In summary, 15% HSS induced low levels of cell death, consistent with mild TBI and very low percentages of HSS (5%) enhanced the BBB properties, promoting the formation of a stronger barrier. These data support the use of 15% HSS as valuable tool in the study of mild TBI to the BBB in vitro.
ISSN:0304-3940
1872-7972
DOI:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.019