Longitudinal study of CD4+ cell counts in HIV-negative pregnant patients

Objective. To evaluate the absolute CD4+, CD8+, and lymphocyte cell counts and percentages from the first trimester through 6-12 weeks post-delivery in normal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative pregnant patients. Methods. A longitudinal laboratory analysis was performed during pregnancy tha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine 2010-10, Vol.23 (10), p.1091-1096
Main Authors: Towers, Craig V., Rumney, Pamela J., Ghamsary, Mark G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Case-Control Studies
CD4
CD4-CD8 Ratio
cell counts in pregnancy
Female
HIV Seronegativity
human immunodeficiency virus in pregnancy
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
lymphocyte subsets in pregnancy
Pregnancy
Reference Values
Young Adult
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Summary:Objective. To evaluate the absolute CD4+, CD8+, and lymphocyte cell counts and percentages from the first trimester through 6-12 weeks post-delivery in normal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative pregnant patients. Methods. A longitudinal laboratory analysis was performed during pregnancy that involved 51 HIV-negative subjects with blood analysis obtained in all trimesters, at delivery, and 6-12 weeks post-delivery. Twenty-five HIV-negative non-pregnant controls were also evaluated. Blood was analysed for absolute CD4+, CD8+, and lymphocyte cell counts and percentages. Means, standard deviations, trends, and differences were examined. Results. The mean white blood cell (WBC) count is elevated above the non-pregnant state and this parameter increases through the pregnancy up to and including parturition. The mean absolute lymphocyte cell count, lymphocyte percentage, and absolute CD4+ cell count are significantly lower during pregnancy and the progression through pregnancy appears U-shaped. The mean absolute CD8+ cell count is not significantly different. The CD4+ and CD8+ percentages are higher during pregnancy and this elevation persists into the 6-12 week post-delivery time period. A 3-digit drop in CD4+ percentage is common during pregnancy between blood draws; whereas, a 30% decrease or more in absolute CD4+ cell count is rare. Conclusions. By longitudinal analysis, pregnancy appears to significantly elevate the mean values of the WBC count, CD4+ percentage, and CD8+ percentage, but significantly decreases the absolute lymphocyte count, lymphocyte percentage, and absolute CD4+ cell count when compared to non-pregnant controls. The mean absolute CD8+ cell count appears to be unaffected.
ISSN:1476-7058
1476-4954
DOI:10.3109/14767050903580359