Toward Sub-100 ps TOF-PET Systems Employing the FastIC ASIC With Analog SiPMs

Time of Flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) scanners demand electronics that are power-efficient, low-noise, cost-effective, and possess a large bandwidth. Recent developments have demonstrated sub-100 ps time resolution with elevated power consumption per channel, rendering this unfeasibl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on radiation and plasma medical sciences 2024-09, Vol.8 (7), p.718-733
Main Authors: Mariscal-Castilla, A., Gomez, S., Manera, R., Fernandez-Tenllado, J. M., Mauricio, J., Kratochwil, N., Alozy, J., Piller, M., Portero, S., Sanuy, A., Guberman, D., Silva, J. J., Auffray, E., Ballabriga, R., Arino-Estrada, G., Campbell, M., Gascon, D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidity
Application specific integrated circuits
Cost effectiveness
Crystals
Detectors
Electronics
Emitters
Fast front-end electronics
Optical sensors
photo-detector technology
Photomultiplier tubes
Positron emission
Positron emission tomography
Power consumption
Scanners
Scintillation counters
scintillator
Scintillators
Sensors
silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs)
Silicon photonics
Single-photon avalanche diodes
Sodium channels
Time measurement
Time of Flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET)
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Summary:Time of Flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) scanners demand electronics that are power-efficient, low-noise, cost-effective, and possess a large bandwidth. Recent developments have demonstrated sub-100 ps time resolution with elevated power consumption per channel, rendering this unfeasible to build a scanner. In this work, we evaluate the performance for the TOF-PET of the FastIC front-end using different scintillators and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). FastIC is an eight-channel application specific integrated circuit developed in CMOS 65 nm capable of measuring the energy and the arrival time of a detected pulse with 12 mW per channel. Using Hamamatsu SiPMs (S13360-3050PE) coupled to LSO:Ce:0.2%Ca crystals of 2\times 2\times 3 mm 3 and LYSO:Ce:0.2%Ca of 3.13\times 3.13\times 20 mm 3 , we measured a coincidence time resolution (CTR) of ( 95~\pm ~3 ) and 156~\pm ~4 ) ps full width half maximum (FWHM), respectively. With Fondazione Bruno Kessler NUV-HD LF2 M0 SiPMs coupled to the same crystals, we obtained a CTR of ( 76~\pm ~2 ) and ( 127~\pm ~3 ) ps FWHM. We employed FastIC with a TlCl pure Cherenkov emitter, demonstrating time resolutions comparable to those achieved with the high-power-consuming electronics. These findings shows that the FastIC represents a cost-effective alternative that can significantly enhance the time resolution of the current TOF-PET systems while maintaining low power consumption.
ISSN:2469-7311
2469-7303
DOI:10.1109/TRPMS.2024.3414578