Research on Multitarget Vital Sign Detection Using IR-UWB Radar in Occlusion Scenarios

Impulse radio ultrawide band (IR-UWB) radar has garnered significant attention as a noncontact sensor for vital signs detection, particularly in disaster relief scenarios. However, accurately determining the number and distance of measured targets from radar, especially when occluded by objects, as...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE sensors journal 2024-05, Vol.24 (9), p.15327-15336
Main Authors: Huo, Ze, Zhang, Zhaoxia, Yin, Yonggen, Chen, Hongyang, Shen, Zhiyuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Clutter
Disaster relief
Heart beat
Heart rate
Noncontact detection
Occlusion
Radar
Radar detection
Radar echoes
Radar measurements
Respiratory rate
Search algorithms
Sensors
Target recognition
Ultra wideband radar
ultrawide band (UWB) radar
Ultrawideband
Ultrawideband radar
variational modal decomposition (VMD)
vital sign extraction
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Summary:Impulse radio ultrawide band (IR-UWB) radar has garnered significant attention as a noncontact sensor for vital signs detection, particularly in disaster relief scenarios. However, accurately determining the number and distance of measured targets from radar, especially when occluded by objects, as well as extracting weak respiration and heartbeat information from complex radar echo signals, remains a major challenge. This article proposes a vital signs removal method based on matching tracking (VSR-MP) to eliminate the effects of wall reflections and the diffusion of target vital signs. It is combined with an improved high-precision multisignal classification (IHAMUSIC) algorithm to determine the number and distance of the targets under test from radar. To enhance vital sign extraction, a variational modal decomposition technique based on the sparrow search algorithm (SSA-VMD) is utilized for reconstructing target vital signs. To address weak heartbeat signals, this article introduces a novel approach combining the comb filter and coherent integration (CI) technique. The experimental results demonstrate that the method proposed in this article can effectively and accurately identify targets obscured by obstacles while detecting the vital sign signals of the targets under test. The average respiratory rate (RR) error is 3.98%, and the average heart rate (HR) error is 4.57%, even in the case of multiple targets.
ISSN:1530-437X
1558-1748
DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2024.3380831