KATP channels and myocardial preconditioning: an update

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 Ischemic or myocardial preconditioning (IPC) is a phenomenon whereby brief periods of ischemia have been shown to protect the myocardium against a more sustained ischemic insult. The result of IPC may...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2003-09, Vol.285 (3), p.H921-H930
Main Authors:	Gross, Garrett J, Peart, Jason N
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism Animals Humans Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial Myocardial Ischemia - metabolism Myocardium - metabolism Potassium Channels - metabolism
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Summary:	Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 Ischemic or myocardial preconditioning (IPC) is a phenomenon whereby brief periods of ischemia have been shown to protect the myocardium against a more sustained ischemic insult. The result of IPC may be manifest as a marked reduction in infarct size, myocardial stunning, or incidence of cardiac arrhythmias. Whereas many endogenous neurotransmitters, peptides, and hormones have been proposed to play a role in the signal transduction pathways mediating the cardioprotective effect of IPC, nearly universal evidence indicates the involvement of the ATP-sensitive potassium (K ATP ) channel. Initial evidence suggested that the surface or sarcolemmal K ATP (sarcK ATP ) channel triggered or mediated the cardioprotective effects of IPC; however, more recent findings have suggested a major role for a mitochondrial site or possibly a mitochondrial K ATP channel (mitoK ATP ). This review presents evidence that supports a role for these two channels as a trigger and/or downstream mediator in the phenomenon of IPC or pharmacologically induced PC as well as recent evidence that suggests the involvement of a mitochondrial calcium-activated potassium (mitoK ca ) channel or the electron transport chain in mediating the beneficial effects of IPC or pharmacologically induced PC. ischemia; electron transport chain Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: G. J. Gross, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226 (E-mail: ggross{at}mcw.edu ).
ISSN:	0363-6135 1522-1539