Genetic Bottlenecks Driven by Population Disconnection

Connectivity among populations plays a crucial role in maintaining genetic variation at a local scale, especially in small populations affected strongly by genetic drift. The negative consequences of population disconnection on allelic richness and gene diversity (heterozygosity) are well recognized...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Conservation biology 2010-12, Vol.24 (6), p.1596-1605
Main Authors: BROQUET, THOMAS, ANGELONE, SONIA, JAQUIERY, JULIE, JOLY, PIERRE, LENA, JEAN-PAUL, LENGAGNE, THIERRY, PLENET, SANDRINE, LUQUET, EMILIEN, PERRIN, NICOLAS
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aislamiento
allelic richness
Amphibia. Reptilia
Animal populations
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Anura
Anura - genetics
Anura - physiology
Applied ecology
Biodiversity and Ecology
Biological and medical sciences
bottleneck
Computer Simulation
conectividad
Connectivity
Conservation biology
Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife
cuello de botella
diversidad genética
Diversity of citizenship
Ecological genetics
Environmental Sciences
European tree frog
Evolutionary genetics
Frogs
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene diversity
Gene Frequency
Genetic diversity
Genetic Drift
Genetic loci
Genetic Variation
Hyla arborea
isolation
Parks, reserves, wildlife conservation. Endangered species: population survey and restocking
Population Density
Population Dynamics
Population genetics
Population size
riqueza alélica
Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution
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Summary:Connectivity among populations plays a crucial role in maintaining genetic variation at a local scale, especially in small populations affected strongly by genetic drift. The negative consequences of population disconnection on allelic richness and gene diversity (heterozygosity) are well recognized and empirically established. It is not well recognized, however, that a sudden drop in local effective population size induced by such disconnection produces a temporary disequilibrium in allelic frequency distributions that is akin to the genetic signature of a demographic bottleneck. To document this effect, we used individual-based simulations and empirical data on allelic richness and gene diversity in six pairs of isolated versus well-connected (core) populations of European tree frogs. In our simulations, population disconnection depressed allelic richness more than heterozygosity and thus resulted in a temporary excess in gene diversity relative to mutation drift equilibrium (i.e., signature of a genetic bottleneck). We observed a similar excess in gene diversity in isolated populations of tree frogs. Our results show that population disconnection can create a genetic bottleneck in the absence of demographic collapse. La conectividad entre poblaciones juega un papel crucial en el mantenimiento de la variación genética a escala local, especialmente en poblaciones pequeñas afectadas por la deriva gènica. Las consecuencias negativas de la desconexión de la población sobre la riqueza alélica y la diversidad genética (heterocigosidad) están bien reconocidas y establecidas empíricamente. Sin embargo, no está bien reconocido que una disminución repentina en el tamaño poblacional efectivo inducida por tal desconexión produce un desequilibrio temporal en las distribuciones de frecuencias alélicas que es comparable con la firma genética de un cuello de botella demográfico. Para documentar este efecto, utilizamos simulaciones basadas en individuos y datos empíricos de la riqueza alélica y diversidad genética en seis pares de poblaciones aisladas de Hyla arborea versus poblaciones bien conectadas (núcleo). En nuestras simulaciones, la desconexión poblacional deprimió la riqueza alélica más que la heterocigosidad y por lo tanto resultó en un exceso temporal de diversidad genética en relación con el equilibrio por deriva mutacional (i. e., firma de un cuello de botella genético). Observamos un exceso similar en la diversidad genética en poblaciones aisladas de H. arbó
ISSN:0888-8892
1523-1739
DOI:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01556.x