Logging residues promote rapid restoration of soil health after clear-cutting of rubber plantations at two sites with contrasting soils in Africa

Soil health is defined as the soil's capacity to deliver ecosystem functions within environmental constraints. On tree plantations, clear-cutting and land preparation between two crop cycles cause severe physical disturbances to the soil and seriously deplete soil organic carbon and biodiversit...

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Published in:The Science of the total environment 2022-04, Vol.816, p.151526-151526, Article 151526
Main Authors: Perron, Thibaut, Kouakou, Aymard, Simon, Charlotte, Mareschal, Louis, Frédéric, Gay, Soumahoro, Mouman, Kouassi, Daouda, Rakotondrazafy, Nancy, Rapidel, Bruno, Laclau, Jean-Paul, Brauman, Alain
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural sciences
Carbon
Cote d'Ivoire
Disturbance
Ecosystem
Legume
Life Sciences
Logging residue
Restoration
Rubber
Rubber tree
Soil
Soil biodiversity
Soil health
Soil study
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Summary:Soil health is defined as the soil's capacity to deliver ecosystem functions within environmental constraints. On tree plantations, clear-cutting and land preparation between two crop cycles cause severe physical disturbances to the soil and seriously deplete soil organic carbon and biodiversity. Rubber, one of the main tropical perennial crops worldwide, has a plantation life cycle of 25 to 40 years, with successive replanting cycles on the same plot. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of clear-cutting disturbance on three soil functions (carbon transformation, nutrient cycling and structure maintenance) and their restoration after the planting of the new rubber crop, in two contrasting soil situations (Arenosol and Ferralsol) in Côte d'Ivoire. In this 18-month diachronic study, we intensively measured soil functions under different scenarios as regards the management of logging residues and the use or not of a legume cover crop. We investigated the relationship between soil macrofauna diversity and soil heath. At both sites, clear-cutting and land preparation disturbed carbon transformation and nutrient cycling significantly and, to a lesser extent, structure maintenance function. When logging residues were applied, carbon transformation and structure maintenance functions were fully restored within 12 to 18 months after disturbance. By contrast, no restoration of nutrient cycling was observed over the study period. A legume cover crop mainly improved the restoration of carbon transformation. We found a strong relationship (P ≤ 0.001; R2 = 0.62–0.66) between soil macrofauna diversity and soil health. Our overall results were very similar at the two sites, despite their contrasting soil conditions. Keeping logging residues in the plots and sowing a legume in the inter-row at replanting accelerated the restoration of soil functions after major disturbance caused by clear-cutting and land preparation. Our results confirm the necessity of taking soil macrofauna diversity into account in the management of tropical perennial crops. [Display omitted] •First diachronic study of soil health restoration after rubber trees clear-cutting.•Clear-cutting resulted in significant disturbances of all studied soil functions.•Logging residues fully restored carbon transformation and soil structure functions.•Soil macrofauna diversity was significantly and positively linked to soil health.•Logging residues and legumes are appropriate practices in young rubber p
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151526