Long-term association between the dietary inflammatory index and cognitive functioning: findings from the SU.VI.MAX study

Purpose Inflammation is a ubiquitous underlying mechanism of the links between diet and cognitive functioning. No study has yet evaluated the overall inflammatory potential of the diet, using the dietary inflammatory index (DII), in relation to cognitive functioning. In a French cohort of middle-age...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of nutrition 2017-06, Vol.56 (4), p.1647-1655
Main Authors: Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Assmann, Karen E., Andreeva, Valentina A., Touvier, Mathilde, Neufcourt, Lola, Shivappa, Nitin, Hébert, James R., Wirth, Michael D., Hercberg, Serge, Galan, Pilar, Julia, Chantal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aging
Anti-inflammatory agents
Antioxidants - administration & dosage
Body Mass Index
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Cognition
Cognitive ability
Diet
Diet Records
Dietary supplements
Executive Function
Exercise
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Health Behavior
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammation - prevention & control
Life Sciences
Male
Memory
Micronutrients - administration & dosage
Middle Aged
Minerals
Neuropsychological Tests
Nutrition
Nutrition Assessment
Original Contribution
Principal Component Analysis
Prospective Studies
Sensitivity and Specificity
Socioeconomic Factors
Vitamins
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Summary:Purpose Inflammation is a ubiquitous underlying mechanism of the links between diet and cognitive functioning. No study has yet evaluated the overall inflammatory potential of the diet, using the dietary inflammatory index (DII), in relation to cognitive functioning. In a French cohort of middle-aged adults, we evaluated the association between the DII, assessed in midlife, and cognitive performance evaluated 13 years later. Methods The DII is a literature-derived dietary index developed to determine the inflammatory potential of diet. The DII was estimated at baseline (1994–1996) among 3080 subjects of the SU.VI.MAX (supplementation with antioxidant vitamins and minerals) cohort. Cognitive performance was assessed in 2007–2009 via a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests. Principal component analysis was performed to extract a summary score of cognitive performance. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses were performed to provide regression coefficients and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). Results In a multivariate model, a strong inverse association was observed between a higher DII (reflecting a more inflammatory diet) and overall cognitive functioning (mean difference Q 4 vs. Q 1 = −1.76; 95 % CI = −2.81, −0.72, P for trend =0.002). With regard to specific cognitive domains, similar associations were observed with scores reflecting verbal memory, but not executive functioning. Conclusion This study suggests that a pro-inflammatory diet at midlife might be associated with subsequent lower cognitive functioning. A diet exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties may help to maintain cognitive health during aging. Clinical trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov (number NCT00272428).
ISSN:1436-6207
1436-6215
DOI:10.1007/s00394-016-1211-3