Time-lapsing biodiversity: An open source method for measuring diversity changes by remote sensing

Understanding biodiversity changes in time is crucial to promptly provide management practices against diversity loss. This is overall true when considering global scales, since human-induced global change is expected to make significant changes on the Earth's biota. Biodiversity management and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Remote sensing of environment 2019-09, Vol.231, p.111192, Article 111192
Main Authors: Rocchini, Duccio, Marcantonio, Matteo, Da Re, Daniele, Chirici, Gherardo, Galluzzi, Marta, Lenoir, Jonathan, Ricotta, Carlo, Torresani, Michele, Ziv, Guy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biodiversity
Biodiversity and Ecology
Biota
Coefficient of variation
Conservation practices
Ecological informatics
Ecology, environment
Environmental Sciences
Global Changes
Human influences
Landscape
Life Sciences
Mathematical analysis
Pixels
Rao's Q diversity
Remote sensing
Satellite imagery
Source code
Spectra
Temporal variability
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Summary:Understanding biodiversity changes in time is crucial to promptly provide management practices against diversity loss. This is overall true when considering global scales, since human-induced global change is expected to make significant changes on the Earth's biota. Biodiversity management and planning is mainly based on field observations related to community diversity, considering different taxa. However, such methods are time and cost demanding and do not allow in most cases to get temporal replicates. In this view, remote sensing can provide a wide data coverage in a short period of time. Recently, the use of Rao's Q diversity as a measure of spectral diversity has been proposed in order to explicitly take into account differences in a neighbourhood considering abundance and relative distance among pixels. The aim of this paper was to extend such a measure over the temporal dimension and to present an innovative approach to calculate remotely sensed temporal diversity. We demonstrated that temporal beta-diversity (spectral turnover) can be calculated pixel-wise in terms of both slope and coefficient of variation and further plotted over the whole matrix / image. From an ecological and operational point of view, for prioritisation practices in biodiversity protection, temporal variability could be beneficial in order to plan more efficient conservation practices starting from spectral diversity hotspots in space and time. In this paper, we delivered a highly reproducible approach to calculate spatio-temporal diversity in a robust and straightforward manner. Since it is based on open source code, we expect that our method will be further used by several researchers and landscape managers. •SDGoal 15 explicitly aims to “halt biodiversity loss”.•Remote sensing (RS) is a powerful tool for studying biodiversity.•Spatial heterogeneity is a good proxy for biodiversity.•Global changes in space and time should be thus estimated by RS.
ISSN:0034-4257
1879-0704
DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2019.05.011