Variation in traction forces during cell cycle progression

Background Information Tissue morphogenesis results from the interplay between cell growth and mechanical forces. While the impact of geometrical confinement and mechanical forces on cell proliferation has been fairly well characterised, the inverse relationship is much less understood. Here, we inv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biology of the cell 2018-04, Vol.110 (4), p.91-96
Main Authors: Vianay, Benoit, Senger, Fabrice, Alamos, Simon, Anjur‐Dietrich, Maya, Bearce, Elizabeth, Cheeseman, Bevan, Lee, Lisa, Théry, Manuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell cycle
Cell mechanics
Cellular Biology
Life Sciences
Traction forces
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Summary:Background Information Tissue morphogenesis results from the interplay between cell growth and mechanical forces. While the impact of geometrical confinement and mechanical forces on cell proliferation has been fairly well characterised, the inverse relationship is much less understood. Here, we investigated how traction forces vary during cell cycle progression. Results Cell shape was constrained on micropatterned substrates in order to distinguish variations in cell contractility from cell size increase. We performed traction force measurements of asynchronously dividing cells expressing a cell‐cycle reporter, to obtain measurements of contractile forces generated during cell division. We found that forces tend to increase as cells progress through G1, before reaching a plateau in S phase, and then decline during G2. Conclusions While cell size increases regularly during cell cycle progression, traction forces follow a biphasic behaviour based on specific and opposite regulation of cell contractility during early and late growth phases. Significance These results highlight the key role of cellular signalling in the regulation of cell contractility, independently of cell size and shape. Non‐monotonous variations of cell contractility during cell cycle progression are likely to impact the mechanical regulation of tissue homoeostasis in a complex and non‐linear manner. Short Communication This manuscript compares cell traction forces according to their position in their cell cycle. It shows that forces increase from early G1 to S phase. It then reveals an unexpected decrease of traction forces from S to G2.
ISSN:0248-4900
1768-322X
DOI:10.1111/boc.201800006