L. fermentum CECT 5716 prevents stress‐induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in newborn rats

Background Intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) dysfunction plays a critical role in various intestinal disorders affecting infants and children, including the development of food allergies and colitis. Recent studies highlighted the role of probiotics in regulating IEB functions and behavior in adul...

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Published in:Neurogastroenterology and motility 2017-08, Vol.29 (8), p.n/a
Main Authors: Vanhaecke, T., Aubert, P., Grohard, P.‐A., Durand, T., Hulin, P., Paul‐Gilloteaux, P., Fournier, A., Docagne, F., Ligneul, A., Fressange‐Mazda, C., Naveilhan, P., Boudin, H., Le Ruyet, P., Neunlist, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Anxiety
Children
Colitis
Colon
Colon - metabolism
corticosterone
Epithelial cells
Epithelial Cells - metabolism
Exploratory Behavior
Female
Fluorescein
Food allergies
Food and Nutrition
Gastrointestinal diseases
Gastrointestinal Diseases - complications
Gastrointestinal Diseases - immunology
Gastrointestinal Diseases - metabolism
Gastrointestinal Diseases - therapy
Horseradish peroxidase
Immune response
Infants
Interferon
Interleukin 4
Intestinal epithelial permeability
Intestines - metabolism
Lactobacillus fermentum
Life Sciences
Maternal Deprivation
newborn
Permeability
Peroxidase
probiotic
Probiotics
Probiotics - administration & dosage
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rodents
Small intestine
Splenocytes
Stress, Psychological - complications
Sulfonic acid
Zonula occludens-1 protein
Zonula Occludens-1 Protein - metabolism
ZO‐1
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Summary:Background Intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) dysfunction plays a critical role in various intestinal disorders affecting infants and children, including the development of food allergies and colitis. Recent studies highlighted the role of probiotics in regulating IEB functions and behavior in adults, but their effects in the newborn remain largely unknown. We therefore characterized in rat pups, the impact of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716 (L. fermentum) on stress‐induced IEB dysfunction, systemic immune response and exploratory behavior. Methods Newborn rats received daily by gavage either L. fermentum or water. Intestinal permeability to fluorescein sulfonic acid (FSA) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was measured following maternal separation (MS) and water avoidance stress (WAS). Immunohistochemical, transcriptomic, and Western blot analysis of zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) distribution and expression were performed. Anxiety‐like and exploratory behavior was assessed using the elevated plus maze test. Cytokine secretion of activated splenocytes was also evaluated. Key Results L. fermentum prevented MS and WAS‐induced IEB dysfunction in vivo. L. fermentum reduced permeability to both FSA and HRP in the small intestine but not in the colon. L. fermentum increased expression of ZO‐1 and prevented WAS‐induced ZO‐1 disorganization in ileal epithelial cells. L. fermentum also significantly reduced stress‐induced increase in plasma corticosteronemia. In activated splenocytes, L. fermentum enhanced IFNγ secretion while it prevented IL‐4 secretion. Finally, L. fermentum increased exploratory behavior. Conclusions & Inferences These results suggest that L. fermentum could provide a novel tool for the prevention and/or treatment of gastrointestinal disorders associated with altered IEB functions in the newborn. CECT5716 (L. fermentum) strain prevented stress‐induced changes in permeability in vivo and reduced small intestinal but not colonic permeability. In addition, L. fermentum reduced stress‐induced changes in tight junction organization. L. fermentum enhanced exploratory behavior and increased IFNγ production in splenocytes. View the podcast on this paper at the following sites: iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/podcast/neurogastroenterology-motility-august-2017/id1247431887 Youtube: https://youtu.be/7aY9zq36BZ4
ISSN:1350-1925
1365-2982
DOI:10.1111/nmo.13069