Treatment of gastric eosinophilia by epicutaneous immunotherapy in piglets sensitized to peanuts

Summary Background Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are hypersensitivity disorders frequently triggered by food allergy and manifested by mucosal eosinophilic infiltration at any level of the gastrointestinal tract. This study established a model of gastric eosinophilia in peanut‐sens...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical and experimental allergy 2017-12, Vol.47 (12), p.1640-1647
Main Authors: Mondoulet, L., Kalach, N., Dhelft, V., Larcher, T., Delayre‐Orthez, C., Benhamou, P. H., Spergel, J., Sampson, H. A., Dupont, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
animal models
Blood diseases
Digestive tract
EGIDs
Endoscopy
Eosinophilia
Eosinophils
Eotaxin
epicutaneous
Food allergies
food allergy
Gastric mucosa
Gastritis
Gastrointestinal diseases
Gastrointestinal tract
GATA-3 protein
Gene expression
Hypersensitivity
Immunoglobulin E
Immunotherapy
Interleukin 5
Lesions
Leukocytes (eosinophilic)
Life Sciences
Nuts
Peanuts
Peritoneum
Spleen
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Summary:Summary Background Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are hypersensitivity disorders frequently triggered by food allergy and manifested by mucosal eosinophilic infiltration at any level of the gastrointestinal tract. This study established a model of gastric eosinophilia in peanut‐sensitized piglets to evaluate the efficacy of epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) for its treatment. Methods Experiments were carried out in piglets first sensitized by three intra‐peritoneal injections of peanut protein extract (PPE) with adjuvant, and then given PPE orally for 10 days, a sequence leading to gastric eosinophilia assessed by endoscopy. For 3 months, eight piglets received active EPIT, using Viaskin® loaded with PPE, applied daily on the ear, while eight received placebo EPIT (Placebo). Piglets were exposed to a second 10‐day period of PPE orally. Lesions were scored by endoscopy on the last day of PPE exposure. After killing, all parts of the digestive tract were analysed by a pathologist unaware of the piglets’ status. IgE response was measured, and mechanistic parameters were analysed in the spleen. Results After sensitization, a significant increase of total IgE was observed in sensitized compared to naive animals (61.1 ± 13.3 vs 27.8 ± 6 ng/mL, P 
ISSN:0954-7894
1365-2222
DOI:10.1111/cea.13037