Leaf phosphorus diagnosis of sugarcane on organic soils

Most of the sugarcane (interspecific hybrids of Saccharum sp.) production in Florida is on organic soils. Supplemental phosphorus (P) fertilizer is often applied for optimum yields, but producers are required to reduce P levels in farm drainage waters. The objectives of this study were to relate opt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of plant nutrition 2005-01, Vol.28 (9), p.1511-1523
Main Authors: Morris, D.R, Glaz, B, Powell, G, Deren, C.W, Snyder, G.H, Perdomo, R, Ulloa, M.F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
crop yield
cultivars
Economic plant physiology
fertilizer rates
foliar diagnosis
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agronomy. Plant production
Generalities. Analysis and diagnosis methods
genotype-environment interaction
leaves
Metabolism
Metabolism. Physicochemical requirements
nutrient content
Nutrition. Photosynthesis. Respiration. Metabolism
organic soil
organic soils
phosphorus
phosphorus fertilizers
plant nutrition
Plant physiology and development
Saccharum
sampling
sampling time
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments
sugar crops
sugarcane
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Summary:Most of the sugarcane (interspecific hybrids of Saccharum sp.) production in Florida is on organic soils. Supplemental phosphorus (P) fertilizer is often applied for optimum yields, but producers are required to reduce P levels in farm drainage waters. The objectives of this study were to relate optimum leaf P tissue concentration with yield in organic soil, and to determine optimum leaf sampling dates during the summer. Eight genotypes were planted at two locations, eight additional genotypes were planted at a third location, and eight more genotypes were planted at a fourth location. Crops were grown for three years. Measurements of leaf P concentration were repeated during growth seasons and over crop years for a total of six sampling dates at each location. Three fertilizer P treatments (0, 24, and 48 kg ha(-1) yr-1) were applied to all genotypes at each location. Leaf samples were partitioned into early-, mid-, and late-summer dates. Early-leaf samples had the widest range in leaf P concentrations compared with mid- and late-season leaf samples. Correlation analyses of yield vs. leaf P concentration across all treatments in early- and mid-summer were statistically significant (P < 0.05), but coefficients were low (r = 0.14 and 0.26, respectively). No consistent relationship across locations described the effect of leaf P tissue concentration on yield. Leaf P concentrations could not provide accurate P fertilization rates that will give maximum sugarcane yields and prevent over-fertilization of P. The highest potential for relating leaf P concentrations with yield appears to be from early leaf samples.
ISSN:0190-4167
1532-4087
DOI:10.1080/01904160500202483