The Lipid A from the Lipopolysaccharide of the Phototrophic Bacterium Rhodomicrobium vannielii ATCC 17100 Revisited

The structure of lipid A from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of ATCC 17100 ( ) a phototrophic, budding bacterium was re-investigated using high-resolution mass spectrometry, NMR, and chemical degradation protocols. It was found that the (Glc N)-disaccharide lipid A backbone was substituted by a Gal A resi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2020-12, Vol.22 (1), p.258
Main Authors: Komaniecka, Iwona, Susniak, Katarzyna, Choma, Adam, Heine, Holger, Holst, Otto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acylation
Backbone
Bacteria
Biodegradation
Biological activity
budding bacteria
Chemical degradation
Chromatography
Chromatography, Liquid
Disaccharides
E coli
Enzymes
Escherichia coli
Fatty acids
galacturonic acid
Genes
Genomes
Humans
Leukocytes (mononuclear)
Lipid A
Lipid A - chemistry
Lipids
lipopolysaccharide
Lipopolysaccharides
Lipopolysaccharides - chemistry
Low concentrations
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
mannose
Mass Spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Molecular Structure
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Phenols
Phototrophic Processes
Residues
Rhodomicrobium - chemistry
Rhodomicrobium - metabolism
Scientific imaging
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
structure elucidation
Substitutes
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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Summary:The structure of lipid A from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of ATCC 17100 ( ) a phototrophic, budding bacterium was re-investigated using high-resolution mass spectrometry, NMR, and chemical degradation protocols. It was found that the (Glc N)-disaccharide lipid A backbone was substituted by a Gal A residue that was connected to C-1 of proximal Glc N. Some of this Gal A residue was β-eliminated by alkaline de-acylation, which indicated the possibility of the presence of another so far unidentified substituent at C-4 in non-stoichiometric amounts. One Man residue substituted C-4' of distal Glc N. The lipid A backbone was acylated by 16:0(3-OH) at C-2 of proximal Glc N, and by 16:0(3-OH), 17:0(3-OH), or 18:0(3-OH) at C-2' of distal Glc N. Two acyloxy-acyl moieties that were mainly formed by 14:0(3- -14:0) and 16:0(3- -22:1) occupied the distal Glc N of lipid A. Genes that were possibly involved in the modification of lipid A were compared with bacterial genes of known function. The biological activity was tested at the model of human mononuclear cells (MNC), showing that lipid A alone does not significantly stimulate MNC. At low concentrations of toxic O111:B4 LPS, pre-incubation with lipid A resulted in a substantial reduction of activity, but, when higher concentrations of LPS were used, the stimulatory effect was increased.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22010258