Haploinsufficiency of SF3B2 causes craniofacial microsomia

Abstract Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is the second most common congenital facial anomaly, yet its genetic etiology remains unknown. We perform whole-exome or genome sequencing of 146 kindreds with sporadic (n = 138) or familial (n = 8) CFM, identifying a highly significant burden of loss of functi...

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Published in:	Nature communications 2021-08, Vol.12 (1), p.4680-4680, Article 4680
Main Authors:	Timberlake, Andrew T., Griffin, Casey, Heike, Carrie L., Hing, Anne V., Cunningham, Michael L., Chitayat, David, Davis, Mark R., Doust, Soghra J., Drake, Amelia F., Duenas-Roque, Milagros M., Goldblatt, Jack, Gustafson, Jonas A., Hurtado-Villa, Paula, Johns, Alexis, Karp, Natalya, Laing, Nigel G., Magee, Leanne, Mullegama, Sureni V., Pachajoa, Harry, Porras-Hurtado, Gloria L., Schnur, Rhonda E., Slee, Jennie, Singer, Steven L., Staffenberg, David A., Timms, Andrew E., Wise, Cheryl A., Zarante, Ignacio, Saint-Jeannet, Jean-Pierre, Luquetti, Daniela V.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Abnormalities Cartilage Craniofacial growth Etiology Gene sequencing Genomes Haploinsufficiency Hypoplasia Microtia Mutation Neural crest
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Summary:	Abstract Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is the second most common congenital facial anomaly, yet its genetic etiology remains unknown. We perform whole-exome or genome sequencing of 146 kindreds with sporadic (n = 138) or familial (n = 8) CFM, identifying a highly significant burden of loss of function variants in SF3B2 (P = 3.8 × 10 −10 ), a component of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex, in probands. We describe twenty individuals from seven kindreds harboring de novo or transmitted haploinsufficient variants in SF3B2 . Probands display mandibular hypoplasia, microtia, facial and preauricular tags, epibulbar dermoids, lateral oral clefts in addition to skeletal and cardiac abnormalities. Targeted morpholino knockdown of SF3B2 in Xenopus results in disruption of cranial neural crest precursor formation and subsequent craniofacial cartilage defects, supporting a link between spliceosome mutations and impaired neural crest development in congenital craniofacial disease. The results establish haploinsufficient variants in SF3B2 as the most prevalent genetic cause of CFM, explaining ~3% of sporadic and ~25% of familial cases.
ISSN:	2041-1723 2041-1723