Comparison of Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid Versus Docosahexaenoic Acid-Rich Fish Oil Supplementation on Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins in Normolipidemic Adults

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have both shared and different cardiovascular effects, and commonly used fish oil supplements have considerably varied EPA/DHA ratios. We compared the effects of fish oil supplements with different EPA/DHA ratios on lipoprotein metabolism. I...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nutrients 2020-03, Vol.12 (3), p.749
Main Authors:	Yang, Zhi-Hong, Amar, Marcelo, Sampson, Maureen, Courville, Amber B, Sorokin, Alexander V, Gordon, Scott M, Aponte, Angel M, Stagliano, Michael, Playford, Martin P, Fu, Yi-Ping, Yang, Shanna, Mehta, Nehal N, Remaley, Alan T
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adult Adults Ankle Automation Cardiovascular disease Cholesterol Chromatography Clinical trials Cross-Over Studies Docosahexaenoic acid docosahexaenoic acid (dha) Docosahexaenoic Acids - administration & dosage Double-Blind Method Eicosapentaenoic acid eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) Eicosapentaenoic Acid - administration & dosage Fatty acids Female Fish Fish oils Food hdl cholesterol High density lipoprotein Humans Insulin Intervention ldl cholesterol Lipid metabolism Lipids lipoprotein metabolism Lipoproteins Lipoproteins, HDL - blood Lipoproteins, LDL - blood Low density lipoprotein Male Metabolism NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Nutrition omega-3 fatty acids Parameters Particle size Plasma Proteomes Ratios Supplementation triglyceride Triglycerides Triglycerides - blood
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Summary:	Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have both shared and different cardiovascular effects, and commonly used fish oil supplements have considerably varied EPA/DHA ratios. We compared the effects of fish oil supplements with different EPA/DHA ratios on lipoprotein metabolism. In a double-blind, randomized cross-over study, normolipidemic adults (n = 30) consumed 12 g/day of EPA-rich (EPA/DHA: 2.3) or DHA-rich (EPA/DHA: 0.3) fish oil for 8-weeks, separated by an 8-week washout period. Both fish oil supplements similarly lowered plasma TG levels and TG-related NMR parameters versus baseline ( < 0.05). There were no changes in plasma cholesterol-related parameters due to either fish oil, although on-treatment levels for LDL particle number were slightly higher for DHA-rich oil compared with EPA-rich oil ( < 0.05). Both fish oil supplements similarly altered HDL subclass profile and proteome, and down regulated HDL proteins related to inflammation, with EPA-rich oil to a greater extent. Furthermore, EPA-rich oil increased apoM abundance versus DHA-rich oil ( < 0.05). Overall, fish oil supplements with varied EPA/DHA ratios had similar effects on total lipids/lipoproteins, but differences were observed in lipoprotein subfraction composition and distribution, which could impact on the use of EPA versus DHA for improving cardiovascular health.
ISSN:	2072-6643 2072-6643