Genome and transcriptome mechanisms driving cephalopod evolution

Cephalopods are known for their large nervous systems, complex behaviors and morphological innovations. To investigate the genomic underpinnings of these features, we assembled the chromosomes of the Boston market squid, Doryteuthis (Loligo) pealeii, and the California two-spot octopus, Octopus bima...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nature communications 2022-05, Vol.13 (1), p.2427-2427, Article 2427
Main Authors:	Albertin, Caroline B, Medina-Ruiz, Sofia, Mitros, Therese, Schmidbaur, Hannah, Sanchez, Gustavo, Wang, Z Yan, Grimwood, Jane, Rosenthal, Joshua J C, Ragsdale, Clifton W, Simakov, Oleg, Rokhsar, Daniel S
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Animals Cephalopoda - genetics Decapodiformes - genetics Editing Genome - genetics Genomes Mollusca Morphology Nervous system RNA, Messenger - genetics Transcriptome - genetics
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Summary:	Cephalopods are known for their large nervous systems, complex behaviors and morphological innovations. To investigate the genomic underpinnings of these features, we assembled the chromosomes of the Boston market squid, Doryteuthis (Loligo) pealeii, and the California two-spot octopus, Octopus bimaculoides, and compared them with those of the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes. The genomes of the soft-bodied (coleoid) cephalopods are highly rearranged relative to other extant molluscs, indicating an intense, early burst of genome restructuring. The coleoid genomes feature multi-megabase, tandem arrays of genes associated with brain development and cephalopod-specific innovations. We find that a known coleoid hallmark, extensive A-to-I mRNA editing, displays two fundamentally distinct patterns: one exclusive to the nervous system and concentrated in genic sequences, the other widespread and directed toward repetitive elements. We conclude that coleoid novelty is mediated in part by substantial genome reorganization, gene family expansion, and tissue-dependent mRNA editing.
ISSN:	2041-1723 2041-1723