Local and Remote Sources of Airborne Suspended Particulate Matter in the Antarctic Region

Quantification of suspended particulate matter (SPM) measurements—together with statistical tools, polar contour maps and backward air mass trajectory analyses—were implemented to better understand the main local and remote sources of contamination in this pristine region. Field campaigns were carri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Atmosphere 2020-04, Vol.11 (4), p.373
Main Authors:	Marina-Montes, César, Pérez-Arribas, Luis Vicente, Anzano, Jesús, Cáceres, Jorge O.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Air filters Air masses Aluminum Analytical methods Antarctic aerosols Antarctic region Antarctic research Antarctic zone Atmospheric aerosols Atomic beam spectroscopy Atomic properties backward trajectories Colonies Contamination Contours Copper Deception Deception Island Emission analysis Emission spectroscopy Inductively coupled plasma Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Marine environment Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Particulate emissions Particulate matter Particulate matter sources Polar environments Pollutants Principal components analysis Reproduction (biology) Seabirds Shape Spectroscopy Statistical analysis statistical tools Statistics Strontium Studies Suspended particulate matter Terrestrial environments Tin Titanium Trajectory analysis Zinc Zirconium
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Summary:	Quantification of suspended particulate matter (SPM) measurements—together with statistical tools, polar contour maps and backward air mass trajectory analyses—were implemented to better understand the main local and remote sources of contamination in this pristine region. Field campaigns were carried out during the austral summer of 2016–2017 at the “Gabriel de Castilla” Spanish Antarctic Research Station, located on Deception Island (South Shetland Islands, Antarctic). Aerosols were deposited in an air filter through a low-volume sampler and chemically analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Elements such as Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Cu, Pb, Sr, Ti, Zn, Hf, Zr, V, As, Ti, Mn, Sn and Cr were identified. The statistical tools together with their correlations (Sr/Na, Al/Ti, Al/Mn, Al/Sr, Al/Pb, K/P) suggest a potentially significant role of terrestrial inputs for Al, Ti, Mn, Sr and Pb; marine environments for Sr and Na; and biological inputs for K and P. Polar contour graphical maps allowed reproducing wind maps, revealing the biological local distribution of K and P (penguin colony). Additionally, backward trajectory analysis confirmed previous affirmations and atmospheric air masses following the Antarctic circumpolar pattern.
ISSN:	2073-4433 2073-4433