Different Early Responses of Laminariales to an Endophytic Infection Provide Insights About Kelp Host Specificity

The filamentous algal endophyte Laminarionema elsbetiae is highly prevalent in European populations of the brown alga Saccharina latissima , but has also been found occasionally in the other kelp species Laminaria digitata . The presence of L. elsbetiae coincides with morphological changes in the ho...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Frontiers in Marine Science 2021-11, Vol.8
Main Authors:	Xing, Qikun, Bernard, Miriam, Rousvoal, Sylvie, Corre, Erwan, Markov, Gabriel V., Peters, Akira F., Leblanc, Catherine
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Algae Biological assays biotic interactions brown algae Cell walls defense responses endophyte Endophytes Gene expression Gene regulation Genes Growth rate Host specificity Hosts Infections Kelp Laminariales Life Sciences Natural populations Physiological responses Physiology Phytopathology and phytopharmacy Specificity Stipes Vegetal Biology
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Summary:	The filamentous algal endophyte Laminarionema elsbetiae is highly prevalent in European populations of the brown alga Saccharina latissima , but has also been found occasionally in the other kelp species Laminaria digitata . The presence of L. elsbetiae coincides with morphological changes in the hosts such as twisted stipes and deformed blades, however, little is known about the molecular bases of these algal host-endophyte interactions. Using a co-cultivation experiment, we showed that physiological and gene regulation responses, and later endophyte prevalences are different between the main and the occasional host. The contact with the endophyte L. elsbetiae induced a stronger and faster transcriptomic regulation in the occasional host L. digitata after 24 h, from which growth rate was later affected. During the first two days of co-cultivation, only 21 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were common in both kelps, indicating a crucial difference between the molecular responses of the two hosts. By functional annotation, we identified DEGs related to host-endophyte recognition, defense response and cell wall modification. Our results suggest that expression pattern differences between the two kelps related to the recognition of the endophyte and later defense reactions could explain the variability of observed physiological responses and host-endophyte specificity in kelp natural populations.
ISSN:	2296-7745 2296-7745