The therapeutic potential of bacteriophages targeting gram-negative bacteria using Galleria mellonella infection model

Phage therapy is the therapeutic use of bacteriophages to treat highly drug resistant bacterial infections. The current surge in bacteriophage therapy is motivated mainly because of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in clinics. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of three bac...

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Published in:	BMC microbiology 2018-08, Vol.18 (1), p.97-97, Article 97
Main Authors:	Manohar, Prasanth, Nachimuthu, Ramesh, Lopes, Bruno S
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adsorption Animals Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Bacteria Bacterial infections Bacterial Infections - microbiology Bacterial Infections - therapy Bacteriophages Bacteriophages - classification Bacteriophages - isolation & purification Bacteriophages - physiology Care and treatment Diagnosis Disease Models, Animal Dosage Drug dosages Drug resistance Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial E coli Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter cloacae - pathogenicity Enterobacter cloacae - virology Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - pathogenicity Escherichia coli - virology G. Mellonella Galleria mellonella Genetic aspects Gram-negative bacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria - pathogenicity Gram-Negative Bacteria - virology Gram-negative bacterial infections Health aspects In vivo methods and tests Infections Infectivity Klebsiella Klebsiella pneumoniae Klebsiella pneumoniae - pathogenicity Klebsiella pneumoniae - virology Larva Larvae Lepidoptera Multidrug resistance Myoviridae - classification Myoviridae - isolation & purification Myoviridae - physiology Nosocomial infections Pathogenesis Pathogens Phage Therapy Phages Plant diseases Podoviridae - classification Podoviridae - isolation & purification Podoviridae - physiology Strains (organisms) Studies Survivability Survival Rate Therapy
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Summary:	Phage therapy is the therapeutic use of bacteriophages to treat highly drug resistant bacterial infections. The current surge in bacteriophage therapy is motivated mainly because of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in clinics. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of three bacteriophages isolated against Escherichia coli ec311, Klebsiella pneumoniae kp235 and Enterobacter cloacae el140 strains using Galleria mellonella. The in vitro activity of three different phages belonging to Podoviridae and Myoviridae families was studied by the double agar overlay method against multi-drug resistant strains. Larval survivability studies were performed to evaluate the potential of phages against infection using G. mellonella. All the three phages were found to have potential to infect the host bacterial strains. For in vivo studies it was observed that E. coli and E. cloacae infected larvae, should be treated with three phage doses (20 μL, 10 PFU/mL) at 6 h interval to achieve 100% survival rate. But in the case of K. pneumoniae, a single phage dose treatment showed promising outcome. When mixed bacterial infections (all three bacterial cultures at 10 CFU/mL) were tested, minimum of four doses of phage cocktail (three phages) at 6 h interval was necessary to recover the larvae. All the results were confirmed by enumerating bacteria from the larvae. Our data shows that although in vitro studies showed high infectivity of phages, for in vivo models multiple phage doses were required for effective treatment.
ISSN:	1471-2180 1471-2180