Bioprospecting saline gradient of a Wildlife Sanctuary for bacterial diversity and antimicrobial activities

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are becoming a global crisis, causing death of thousands of people and significant economic impact. The discovery of novel antibiotics is crucial to saving lives and reducing healthcare costs. To address the antibiotic-resistant crisis, in collaboration the Small World...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	BMC research notes 2017-08, Vol.10 (1), p.397-397, Article 397
Main Authors:	DeLuca, Mara, King, Riley, Morsy, Mustafa
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Actinomycetes Alabama Animals Animals, Wild Anti-Bacterial Agents - biosynthesis Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Anti-infective agents Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Antimicrobial activity Antimicrobial agents Antimicrobial producing bacteria Bacteria Bacteria - classification Bacteria - isolation & purification Bacteria - metabolism Bacterial diversity Biodiversity Bioprospecting Bioprospecting - methods Conservation of Natural Resources - methods Demographic aspects Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Drug resistance Epidemics Genes Genomes Infections Infectious diseases Medical care, Cost of Microbial Sensitivity Tests Pharmaceutical industry Protection and preservation Research Note Saline soil Sodium Chloride - analysis Soil - chemistry Soil Microbiology Soil microorganisms Wildlife sanctuaries
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Summary:	Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are becoming a global crisis, causing death of thousands of people and significant economic impact. The discovery of novel antibiotics is crucial to saving lives and reducing healthcare costs. To address the antibiotic-resistant crisis, in collaboration the Small World Initiative, which aims to crowdsource novel antibiotic discovery, this study aimed to identify antimicrobial producing bacteria and bacterial diversity in the soil of the Stimpson Wildlife Sanctuary, an inland area with a soil salt gradient. Approximately 4500 bacterial colonies were screened for antimicrobial activity and roughly 100 bacteria were identified as antimicrobial producers, which belong to Entrococcaceae (74%), Yersiniaceae (19%), and unidentified families (7%). Several bacterial isolates showed production of broad spectrum inhibitory compounds, while others were more specific to certain pathogens. The data obtained from the current study provide a resource for further characterization of the soil bacteria with antimicrobial activity, with an aim to discover novel ones. The study showed no correlation between soil salt level and the presence of bacteria with antimicrobial activities. However, most of the identified antimicrobial producing bacteria do not belong to actinomycetes, the most common phyla of antibiotic producing bacteria and this could potentially lead to the discovery of novel antibiotics.
ISSN:	1756-0500 1756-0500