Single-molecule long-read sequencing reveals a conserved intact long RNA profile in sperm

Sperm contributes diverse RNAs to the zygote. While sperm small RNAs have been shown to impact offspring phenotypes, our knowledge of the sperm transcriptome, especially the composition of long RNAs, has been limited by the lack of sensitive, high-throughput experimental techniques that can distingu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nature communications 2021-03, Vol.12 (1), p.1361-1361, Article 1361
Main Authors:	Sun, Yu H, Wang, Anqi, Song, Chi, Shankar, Goutham, Srivastava, Rajesh K, Au, Kin Fai, Li, Xin Zhiguo
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Animals Bioinformatics Conserved Sequence - genetics Evolution, Molecular Gene expression Gene Ontology Gene sequencing High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing - methods Humans Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Non-coding RNA Offspring Phenotypes Ribonucleic acid Ribosomes - metabolism RNA RNA - genetics RNA - metabolism RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism RNA, Messenger - genetics RNA, Messenger - metabolism Single Molecule Imaging Sperm Spermatozoa - metabolism Testis - metabolism Transcriptome - genetics Transcriptomes
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Summary:	Sperm contributes diverse RNAs to the zygote. While sperm small RNAs have been shown to impact offspring phenotypes, our knowledge of the sperm transcriptome, especially the composition of long RNAs, has been limited by the lack of sensitive, high-throughput experimental techniques that can distinguish intact RNAs from fragmented RNAs, known to abound in sperm. Here, we integrate single-molecule long-read sequencing with short-read sequencing to detect sperm intact RNAs (spiRNAs). We identify 3440 spiRNA species in mice and 4100 in humans. The spiRNA profile consists of both mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, is evolutionarily conserved between mice and humans, and displays an enrichment in mRNAs encoding for ribosome. In sum, we characterize the landscape of intact long RNAs in sperm, paving the way for future studies on their biogenesis and functions. Our experimental and bioinformatics approaches can be applied to other tissues and organisms to detect intact transcripts.
ISSN:	2041-1723 2041-1723