Experimental and Numerical Investigation of 3D Dam-Break Wave Propagation in an Enclosed Domain with Dry and Wet Bottom

Dam-break flood waves represent a severe threat to people and properties located in downstream regions. Although dam failure has been among the main subjects investigated in academia, little effort has been made toward investigating wave propagation under the influence of tailwater depth. This work...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Applied sciences 2021-06, Vol.11 (12), p.5638
Main Authors:	Kocaman, Selahattin, Evangelista, Stefania, Guzel, Hasan, Dal, Kaan, Yilmaz, Ada, Viccione, Giacomo
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Approximation CFD Computational fluid dynamics Dam failure dam-break Dams Digital imaging Downstream Experiments Finite volume method Flood waves Fluid flow Fluorescent lighting Hydraulics Image processing K-epsilon turbulence model Laboratories laboratory experiments Mathematical models Measurement techniques Numerical analysis Numerical models Pressure distribution Propagation Sensors Shallow water Shallow water equations Sluice gates Tailwater Three dimensional flow Turbulence models Turbulent flow unsteady flow wave front velocity Wave propagation Wave reflection
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Summary:	Dam-break flood waves represent a severe threat to people and properties located in downstream regions. Although dam failure has been among the main subjects investigated in academia, little effort has been made toward investigating wave propagation under the influence of tailwater depth. This work presents three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of laboratory experiments of dam-breaks with tailwater performed at the Laboratory of Hydraulics of Iskenderun Technical University, Turkey. The dam-break wave was generated by the instantaneous removal of a sluice gate positioned at the center of a transversal wall forming the reservoir. Specifically, in order to understand the influence of tailwater level on wave propagation, three tests were conducted under the conditions of dry and wet downstream bottom with two different tailwater depths, respectively. The present research analyzes the propagation of the positive and negative wave originated by the dam-break, as well as the wave reflection against the channel’s downstream closed boundary. Digital image processing was used to track water surface patterns, and ultrasonic sensors were positioned at five different locations along the channel in order to obtain water stage hydrographs. Laboratory measurements were compared against the numerical results obtained through FLOW-3D commercial software, solving the 3D Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) with the k-ε turbulence model for closure, and Shallow Water Equations (SWEs). The comparison achieved a reasonable agreement with both numerical models, although the RANS showed in general, as expected, a better performance.
ISSN:	2076-3417 2076-3417