Zerumbone, a Bioactive Sesquiterpene, Ameliorates Diabetes-Induced Retinal Microvascular Damage through Inhibition of Phospho-p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Nuclear Factor-κB Pathways

Zerumbone ameliorates retinal damage by blocking advanced glycation end products and their receptor system in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Because of the multiple factors involved in diabetic retinopathy (DR) etiology, the mechanisms of zerumbone that are mainly responsible for its ameliorative eff...

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Published in:	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2016-12, Vol.21 (12), p.1708-1708
Main Authors:	Liu, Wayne Young, Tzeng, Thing-Fong, Liu, I-Min
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Animals Capillary Permeability - drug effects Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - pathology diabetic retinopathy Diabetic Retinopathy - drug therapy Diabetic Retinopathy - prevention & control Fenofibrate - analogs & derivatives Fenofibrate - therapeutic use Glycation End Products, Advanced - antagonists & inhibitors Male Microvessels - drug effects Microvessels - injuries NF-κB p38 MAPK p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - antagonists & inhibitors p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism Rats Rats, Wistar Retina - drug effects Retinal Vessels - drug effects Retinal Vessels - injuries Sesquiterpenes - therapeutic use Signal Transduction - drug effects Streptozocin Transcription Factor RelA - antagonists & inhibitors Transcription Factor RelA - metabolism zerumbone
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Summary:	Zerumbone ameliorates retinal damage by blocking advanced glycation end products and their receptor system in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Because of the multiple factors involved in diabetic retinopathy (DR) etiology, the mechanisms of zerumbone that are mainly responsible for its ameliorative effect on DR need to be further clarified. In the present study, zerumbone (20 mg or 40 mg/kg) or fenofibric acid (100 mg/kg) was orally administered to diabetic rats by intragastric gavage once daily for three consecutive months. Zerumbone displayed similar characteristics to fenofibric acid in reducing retinal vascular permeability and leukostasis in diabetic rats. Fundus photographs showed that large retinal vessel diameters were decreased in zerumbone-treated diabetic rats. Zerumbone not only down-regulated the gene expression of retinal angiogenic parameters, but also reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the retina of diabetic rats. Moreover, zerumbone reduced the p38 MAPK phosphorylation and abrogated the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in the retina of diabetic rats. In conclusion, treatment of diabetic rats with zerumbone attenuates the severity of retinal inflammation and angiogenesis, via inhibition of p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. These benefits of zerumbone for DR appear to be linked to its antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects.
ISSN:	1420-3049 1420-3049