Lower prevalence of post-Covid-19 Condition following Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection

Different SARS-CoV-2 variants can differentially affect the prevalence of Post Covid-19 Condition (PCC). This prospective study assesses prevalence and severity of symptoms three months after an Omicron infection, compared to Delta, test-negative and population controls. This study also assesses sym...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Heliyon 2024-04, Vol.10 (7), p.e28941-e28941, Article e28941
Main Authors: de Bruijn, Siméon, van Hoek, Albert Jan, Mutubuki, Elizabeth N., Knoop, Hans, Slootweg, Jaap, Tulen, Anna D., Franz, Eelco, van den Wijngaard, Cees C., van der Maaden, Tessa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
COVID-19
Delta
Long COVID
Long-term symptoms
Omicron
Post Covid-19 condition
Prevalence
Reinfection
SARS-CoV-2
Symptoms
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Summary:Different SARS-CoV-2 variants can differentially affect the prevalence of Post Covid-19 Condition (PCC). This prospective study assesses prevalence and severity of symptoms three months after an Omicron infection, compared to Delta, test-negative and population controls. This study also assesses symptomology after reinfection and breakthrough infections. After a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, cases were classified as Omicron or Delta based on ≥ 85% surveillance prevalence. Three months after enrolment, participants indicated point prevalence for 41 symptoms and severity, using validated questionnaires for four symptoms. PCC prevalence was estimated as the difference in prevalence of at least one significantly elevated symptom, identified by permutation test, in cases compared to population controls. At three months follow-up, five symptoms and severe dyspnea were significantly elevated in Omicron cases (n = 4138) compared to test-negative (n = 1672) and population controls (n = 2762). PCC prevalence was 10·4% for Omicron cases and 17·7% for Delta cases (n = 6855). In Omicron cases, severe fatigue and dyspnea were more prevalent in reinfected than primary infected, while severity of symptoms did not significantly differ between cases with a booster or primary vaccination course. Prevalence of PCC is 41% lower after Omicron than Delta at three months. Reinfection seems associated with more severe long-term symptoms compared to first infection.
ISSN:2405-8440
2405-8440
DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28941