The Role of DNA Methylation in Stroke Recovery

Epigenetic alterations affect the onset of ischemic stroke, brain injury after stroke, and mechanisms of poststroke recovery. In particular, DNA methylation can be dynamically altered by maintaining normal brain function or inducing abnormal brain damage. DNA methylation is regulated by DNA methyltr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International journal of molecular sciences 2022-09, Vol.23 (18), p.10373
Main Authors:	Choi, Dong-Hee, Choi, In-Ae, Lee, Jongmin
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Apoptosis Brain damage Brain injury Brain research Cell death Cytosine Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA damage DNA demethylase DNA methylation DNA methyltransferase Epigenetics Excitotoxicity Gene expression Genetic engineering Guanine Head injuries Homeostasis Inflammation Ischemia Literature reviews Medical Subject Headings-MeSH Neuroprotection Oxidative stress Pathogenesis Proteins Recovery Recovery of function Review Stroke treatment
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Summary:	Epigenetic alterations affect the onset of ischemic stroke, brain injury after stroke, and mechanisms of poststroke recovery. In particular, DNA methylation can be dynamically altered by maintaining normal brain function or inducing abnormal brain damage. DNA methylation is regulated by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), which promotes methylation, DNA demethylase, which removes methyl groups, and methyl-cytosine–phosphate–guanine-binding domain (MBD) protein, which binds methylated DNA and inhibits gene expression. Investigating the effects of modulating DNMT, TET, and MBD protein expression on neuronal cell death and neurorepair in ischemic stroke and elucidating the underlying mechanisms can facilitate the formulation of therapeutic strategies for neuroprotection and promotion of neuronal recovery after stroke. In this review, we summarize the role of DNA methylation in neuroprotection and neuronal recovery after stroke according to the current knowledge regarding the effects of DNA methylation on excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and recovery after ischemic stroke. This review of the literature regarding the role of DNA methylation in neuroprotection and functional recovery after stroke may contribute to the development and application of novel therapeutic strategies for stroke.
ISSN:	1422-0067 1661-6596 1422-0067