A Fully-Integrated Ambient RF Energy Harvesting System with 423-μW Output Power

A Fully-Integrated Ambient RF Energy Harvesting System with 423-μW Output Power

This paper proposes a 2.4-GHz fully-integrated single-frequency multi-channel RF energy harvesting (RFEH) system with increased harvested power density. The RFEH can produce an output power of ~423-μW in harvesting ambient RF energy. The front-end consists of an on-chip impedance matching network wi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-06, Vol.22 (12), p.4415
Main Authors: Pakkirisami Churchill, Kishore Kumar, Ramiah, Harikrishnan, Chong, Gabriel, Chen, Yong, Mak, Pui-In, Martins, Rui P.
Format: Article
Language:eng
Subjects:
Antennas
charge pump
Charge pumps
Circuits
clock generator
CMOS
DC-DC
Efficiency
Electric potential
Energy
Energy conversion efficiency
Energy harvesting
Impedance matching
Radio frequency
RF energy harvesting (RFEH)
RF-DC
Semiconductors
Voltage
Voltage controlled oscillators
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Summary:This paper proposes a 2.4-GHz fully-integrated single-frequency multi-channel RF energy harvesting (RFEH) system with increased harvested power density. The RFEH can produce an output power of ~423-μW in harvesting ambient RF energy. The front-end consists of an on-chip impedance matching network with a stacked rectifier concurrently matched to a 50 Ω input source. The circuit mitigates the “dead-zone” by enhancing the pumping efficiency, achieved through the increase of Vgs drivability of the proposed internal gate boosting 6-stage low-input voltage charge pump and the 5-stage shared-auxiliary-biasing ring-voltage-controlled-oscillator (VCO) integrated to improve the start-up. The RFEH system, simulated in 180-nm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS), occupies an active area of 1.02 mm2. Post-layout simulations show a peak power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 21.15%, driving a 3.3-kΩ load at an input power of 0 dBm and sensitivity of −14.1 dBm corresponding to an output voltage, Vout,RFEH of 1.25 V.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220