Diagnosis of foetal vein of galen aneurysmal malformation by ultrasound combined with magnetic resonance imaging: a case series

Abstract Background Foetal vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a very rare congenital malformation of the cerebral blood vessels. We sought to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in foetal VGAM. Case presentation Prenatal ultra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	BMC medical imaging 2020-06, Vol.20 (1), p.1-63, Article 63
Main Authors:	Li, Tian-gang, Zhang, Yao-yue, Nie, Fang, Peng, Mei-juan, Li, Yun-Zhi, Li, Pei-long
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Aneurysm Birth Birth defects Bleeding Blood Blood flow Blood vessels Brain Case Report Cerebellum Childrens health Complications Congenital defects Congenital malformation Congestive heart failure Diagnosis Diagnostic systems Fistula Foetus, vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation Genetic disorders Gestational age Heart failure Infants Magnetic resonance imaging Maternal & child health Medical imaging Neuroimaging Parenchyma Pleural effusion Prenatal diagnosis Resonance Sinuses Substantia grisea Thalamus Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasound Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging Veins Veins & arteries Ventricle
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Summary:	Abstract Background Foetal vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a very rare congenital malformation of the cerebral blood vessels. We sought to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in foetal VGAM. Case presentation Prenatal ultrasound combined with MRI diagnosed five cases of VGAM. Two dimensional ultrasound images were used to find the echo-free cystic structure below the thalamus and above the cerebellum with five cases. Colour blood flow showed dilated VGAM in five cases, while the arteriovenous spectrum was explored in two cases and foetal heart failure was found in other three cases. MRI was manifested as a dilated VGAM found at the midline of the brain, demonstrating widening or dilation of the straight sinus in four cases, ventricular dilatation in one case, brain parenchyma bleeding in two cases, and grey matter softening in one case. One infant died on the day of its birth, while the other four infants died within one month to six months after birth. Conclusions Ultrasound combined with MRI can more accurately and comprehensively observe the pathological characteristics of VGAM, diagnose related complications early and determine its prognosis.
ISSN:	1471-2342 1471-2342