The Superiority of Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor (FAPI) PET/CT Versus FDG PET/CT in the Diagnosis of Various Malignancies

Cancer represents a major cause of death worldwide and is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells that escape immune regulation. It is now understood that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which express specific fibroblast activation protein (FAP), are critical particip...

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Published in:	Cancers 2023-02, Vol.15 (4), p.1193
Main Authors:	Dong, Yanzhao, Zhou, Haiying, Alhaskawi, Ahmad, Wang, Zewei, Lai, Jingtian, Yao, Chengjun, Liu, Zhenfeng, Hasan Abdullah Ezzi, Sohaib, Goutham Kota, Vishnu, Hasan Abdulla Hasan Abdulla, Mohamed, Lu, Hui
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Biological markers Biomarkers cancers Cell proliferation Chemical inhibitors Colorectal cancer Comparative analysis Computed tomography CT imaging Diagnosis FAPI Fibroblast activation protein Fibroblasts Growth factors Health aspects imaging Immune clearance Immunology Immunoregulation Kinases Liver cancer Lymphatic system Malignancy Medical prognosis Medical research Metastases Metastasis Methods Nuclear medicine Ovaries PET imaging PET/CT Pharmaceuticals Physiology Positron emission tomography Proteins Radioactive tracers Radioisotopes Review Stomach cancer Tomography Tumors
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Summary:	Cancer represents a major cause of death worldwide and is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells that escape immune regulation. It is now understood that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which express specific fibroblast activation protein (FAP), are critical participants in tumor development and metastasis. Researchers have developed various FAP-targeted probes for imaging of different tumors from antibodies to boronic acid-based inhibitor molecules and determined that quinoline-based FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) are the most appropriate candidate as the radiopharmaceutical for FAPI PET/CT imaging. When applied clinically, FAPI PET/CT yielded satisfactory results. Over the past few years, the utility and effectiveness of tumor detection and staging of FAPI PET/CT have been compared with FDG PET/CT in various aspects, including standardized uptake values (SUVs), rate of absorbance and clearance. This review summarizes the development and clinical application of FAPI PET/CT, emphasizing the diagnosis and management of various tumor types and the future prospects of FAPI imaging.
ISSN:	2072-6694 2072-6694