Genomic High Plains Wheat Mosaic Virus Sequences from Australia: Their Phylogenetics and Evidence for Emaravirus Recombination and Reassortment

Genomic High Plains Wheat Mosaic Virus Sequences from Australia: Their Phylogenetics and Evidence for Emaravirus Recombination and Reassortment

High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV) causes a serious disease in major wheat-growing regions worldwide. We report here the complete or partial genomic sequences of five HPWMoV isolates from Australian wheat samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the eight genomic segments o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2023-01, Vol.15 (2), p.401
Main Authors: Jones, Roger A C, Vazquez-Iglesias, Ines, McGreig, Sam, Fox, Adrian, Gibbs, Adrian J
Format: Article
Language:eng
Subjects:
Analysis
Australia
Climate change
Corn
Crop diseases
Crops
DNA-directed RNA polymerase
Genomes
Genomics
Health aspects
High Plains wheat mosaic virus
high-throughput sequencing
Mosaic Viruses
Movement protein
Nucleocapsids
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Plant virus diseases
Proteins
Recombination
Recombination, Genetic
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA polymerase
RNA polymerases
RNA Viruses
virus disease
Viruses
Wheat
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Summary:High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV) causes a serious disease in major wheat-growing regions worldwide. We report here the complete or partial genomic sequences of five HPWMoV isolates from Australian wheat samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the eight genomic segments of these five isolates together with others from Genbank found all eight genes formed two lineages, L1 and L2. L1 contained a single isolate from Colorado in the North American Great Plains Region (GPR), and L2 had two unresolved clusters, A and B, of isolates from Australia and the GPR. A quarter of the L2B isolate sequences of the nucleocapsid gene (RNA3) were recombinant, which is unexpected as little evidence of recombination exists in viruses with negative single-stranded RNA genomes. Phylogenies calculated from the amino acid sequences of HPWMoV's RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RNA1), glycoprotein (RNA2), and nucleocapsid protein (RNA3) showed they were closest to those of Palo Verde broom virus. However, its movement protein (RNA4) was closer to those of Ti ringspot-associated and common oak ringspot-associated viruses, indicating the RNA4 segments of their ancestors reassorted to produce the current emaraviruses. To avoid increased yield losses from co-infection, biosecurity measures are advised to avoid HPWMoV introduction to countries where wheat streak mosaic virus already occurs.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915