Dose and latency effects of leucine supplementation in modulating glucose homeostasis: opposite effects in healthy and glucocorticoid-induced insulin-resistance states

Dexamethasone (DEXA) is a potent immunosupressant and anti-inflammatory agent whose main side effects are muscle atrophy and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles. In this context, leucine supplementation may represent a way to limit the DEXA side effects. In this study, we have investigated the ef...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nutrients 2012-11, Vol.4 (12), p.1851-1867
Main Authors:	Zanchi, Nelo Eidy, Guimarães-Ferreira, Lucas, de Siqueira-Filho, Mário Alves, Felitti, Vitor, Nicastro, Humberto, Bueno, Carlos, Lira, Fábio Santos, Naimo, Marshall Alan, Campos-Ferraz, Patrícia, Nunes, Maria Tereza, Seelaender, Marília, de Oliveira Carvalho, Carla Roberta, Blachier, François, Lancha, Antonio Herbert
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Agricultural sciences Animals Blood Glucose - metabolism Dexamethasone - adverse effects Dietary Supplements Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Drug Administration Routes Glucocorticoids - adverse effects glucose homeostasis Homeostasis - drug effects Insulin - blood Insulin Resistance Leucine - administration & dosage Leucine - pharmacology Leucine - therapeutic use leucine supplementation Life Sciences Male Muscle Strength - drug effects Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Muscle, Skeletal - pathology Muscular Atrophy - chemically induced Muscular Atrophy - drug therapy Rats Rats, Wistar skeletal muscle mass
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Summary:	Dexamethasone (DEXA) is a potent immunosupressant and anti-inflammatory agent whose main side effects are muscle atrophy and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles. In this context, leucine supplementation may represent a way to limit the DEXA side effects. In this study, we have investigated the effects of a low and a high dose of leucine supplementation (via a bolus) on glucose homeostasis, muscle mass and muscle strength in energy-restricted and DEXA-treated rats. Since the leucine response may also be linked to the administration of this amino acid, we performed a second set of experiments with leucine given in bolus (via gavage) versus leucine given via drinking water. Leucine supplementation was found to produce positive effects (e.g., reduced insulin levels) only when administrated in low dosage, both via the bolus or via drinking water. However, under DEXA treatment, leucine administration was found to significantly influence this response, since leucine supplementation via drinking water clearly induced a diabetic state, whereas the same effect was not observed when supplied via the gavage.
ISSN:	2072-6643 2072-6643