Exploring income and racial inequality in preparedness for Hurricane Ida (2021): insights from digital footprint data

Abstract Preparedness for adverse events is critical to building urban resilience to climate-related risks. While most extant studies investigate preparedness patterns based on survey data, this study explores the potential of big digital footprint data (i.e. population visits to points of interest...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental research letters 2023-12, Vol.18 (12), p.124021
Main Authors:	Li, Qingchun, Ramaswami, Anu, Lin, Ning
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Construction digital footprint data Disaster management Environmental risk Gasoline Grocery stores Hazard mitigation Hurricane Ida hurricane preparedness Hurricanes Income income and racial inequality Inequality Mitigation urban resilience
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Summary:	Abstract Preparedness for adverse events is critical to building urban resilience to climate-related risks. While most extant studies investigate preparedness patterns based on survey data, this study explores the potential of big digital footprint data (i.e. population visits to points of interest (POI)) to investigate preparedness patterns in the real case of Hurricane Ida (2021). We further investigate income and racial inequality in preparedness by combining the digital footprint data with demographic and socioeconomic data. A clear pattern of preparedness was seen in Louisiana with aggregated visits to grocery stores, gasoline stations, and construction supply dealers increasing by nearly 9%, 12%, and 10% respectively, representing three types of preparedness: survival, mobility planning, and hazard mitigation. Preparedness for Hurricane Ida was not seen in New York and New Jersey states. Inequality analyses for Louisiana across census block groups (CBGs) demonstrate that CBGs with higher income have more (nearly 8% greater) preparedness in visiting gasoline stations, while CBGs with a larger percentage of the white population have more preparedness in visiting grocery stores (nearly 12% more) in the lowest income groups. The results indicate that income and racial inequality differ across different preparedness in terms of visiting different POIs.
ISSN:	1748-9326 1748-9326