Evaluating and Predicting the Performance of Sorghum Lines in an Elite by Exotic Backcross-Nested Association Mapping Population

Evaluating and Predicting the Performance of Sorghum Lines in an Elite by Exotic Backcross-Nested Association Mapping Population

Maintaining or introducing genetic diversity into plant breeding programs is necessary for continual genetic gain; however, diversity at the cost of reduced performance is not something sought by breeders. To this end, backcross-nested association mapping (BC-NAM) populations, in which the recurrent...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2024-03, Vol.13 (6), p.879
Main Authors: Crozier, Daniel, Winans, Noah D, Hoffmann, Jr, Leo, Patil, Nikhil Y, Klein, Patricia E, Klein, Robert R, Rooney, William L
Format: Article
Language:eng
Subjects:
Agricultural production
Agronomy
Crop yield
Estimates
Fertility
Gene mapping
Genetic diversity
Genomes
genomic prediction
genomic resource
Genomics
Geographical distribution
Germplasm
GUESS program
introgression
Mapping
Performance evaluation
Performance prediction
Plant breeding
Population genetics
Prediction models
Sorghum
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Summary:Maintaining or introducing genetic diversity into plant breeding programs is necessary for continual genetic gain; however, diversity at the cost of reduced performance is not something sought by breeders. To this end, backcross-nested association mapping (BC-NAM) populations, in which the recurrent parent is an elite line, can be employed as a strategy to introgress diversity from unadapted accessions while maintaining agronomic performance. This study evaluates (i) the hybrid performance of sorghum lines from 18 BC -NAM families and (ii) the potential of genomic prediction to screen lines from BC -NAM families for hybrid performance prior to phenotypic evaluation. Despite the diverse geographical origins and agronomic performance of the unadapted parents for BC -NAM families, many BC -derived lines performed significantly better in the hybrid trials than the elite recurrent parent, R.Tx436. The genomic prediction accuracies for grain yield, plant height, and days to mid-anthesis were acceptable, but the prediction accuracies for plant height were lower than expected. While the prediction accuracies increased when including more individuals in the training set, improvements tended to plateau between two and five lines per family, with larger training sets being required for more complex traits such as grain yield. Therefore, genomic prediction models can be optimized in a large BC -NAM population with a relatively low fraction of individuals needing to be evaluated. These results suggest that genomic prediction is an effective method of pre-screening lines within BC -NAM families prior to evaluation in extensive hybrid field trials.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747