The Solar Probe ANalyzer—Ions on the Parker Solar Probe

Abstract The Solar Probe ANalyzer for Ions (SPAN-I) onboard NASA’s Parker Solar Probe spacecraft is an electrostatic analyzer with time-of-flight capabilities that measures the ion composition and three-dimensional distribution function of the thermal corona and solar-wind plasma. SPAN-I measures th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Astrophysical journal 2022-10, Vol.938 (2), p.138
Main Authors: Livi, Roberto, Larson, Davin E., Kasper, Justin C., Abiad, Robert, Case, A. W., Klein, Kristopher G., Curtis, David W., Dalton, Gregory, Stevens, Michael, Korreck, Kelly E., Ho, George, Robinson, Miles, Tiu, Chris, Whittlesey, Phyllis L., Verniero, Jaye L., Halekas, Jasper, McFadden, James, Marckwordt, Mario, Slagle, Amanda, Abatcha, Mamuda, Rahmati, Ali, McManus, Michael D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acceleration
Astrophysics
Corona
Distribution functions
Heliosphere
Ion composition
Ions
Solar physics
Solar probes
Solar wind
Spacecraft
The Sun
Velocity distribution
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Summary:Abstract The Solar Probe ANalyzer for Ions (SPAN-I) onboard NASA’s Parker Solar Probe spacecraft is an electrostatic analyzer with time-of-flight capabilities that measures the ion composition and three-dimensional distribution function of the thermal corona and solar-wind plasma. SPAN-I measures the energy per charge of ions in the solar wind from 2 eV to 30 keV with a field of view of 247.°5 × 120° while simultaneously separating H + from He ++ to develop 3D velocity distribution functions of individual ion species. These observations, combined with reduced distribution functions measured by the Sun-pointed Solar Probe Cup, will help us further our understanding of the solar-wind acceleration and formation, the heating of the corona, and the acceleration of particles in the inner heliosphere. This paper describes the instrument hardware, including several innovative improvements over previous time-of-flight sensors, the data products generated by the experiment, and the ground calibrations of the sensor.
ISSN:0004-637X
1538-4357
DOI:10.3847/1538-4357/ac93f5