Management of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Metastatic to the Central Nervous System: A Narrative Review of the Literature

Abstract Introduction: Brain metastases (BM) associated with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) occur with an approximate frequency of 0.15% to 1.3% of PTC cases. There is little evidence regarding the treatment of this association (PTC and BM). A narrative review of the literature is presented. We asse...

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Published in:Journal of the Endocrine Society 2021-05, Vol.5 (Supplement_1), p.A865-A866
Main Authors: Zambrano, Jose Leonel, Ramos, Andrés Felipe García, Pico, Víctor Manuel Blanco, García, Franco Alejandro Vallejo, Arboleda, Marcela Patiño, Valencia, Carlos Mario Balcázar, Chaparro, Jose Mauricio Ocampo
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Abstract Introduction: Brain metastases (BM) associated with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) occur with an approximate frequency of 0.15% to 1.3% of PTC cases. There is little evidence regarding the treatment of this association (PTC and BM). A narrative review of the literature is presented. We assessed multiple treatment options and its effectiveness in this vulnerable population. Methods: The data were collected using the PubMed search engine and Google Scholar. There were selected all studies that included: > > > > > > >. Once the relevant works had been listed and compared, the main findings of each one were related and analyzed. Results: We found 15 studies between the years 1990 and 2019 that describe 187 patients with thyroid cancer and brain metastases; of which 138 presented PTC, and 62% (58/93) were women. The average age was 59 years. Patients who received multimodal treatment (association of 2 or more therapies; one of them, brain metastasis resection) had a longer survival, with an average of 54 months, compared to monotherapy. Discussion: Patients with PTC who also present BM require a multimodal therapy approach: when it is associated with brain metastasis resection, better results are evident; in contrast, when monotherapy is used, a limited performance is observed, with poor results. Conclusion: Patients with PTC who also present BM have better outcomes and higher survival rate with a multimodal therapy approach, including brain metastasis resection.
ISSN:2472-1972
2472-1972
DOI:10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1767