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Prevalence and clustering of soil‐transmitted helminth infections in a tribal area in southern I ndia
Abstract Objectives To estimate the prevalence, spatial patterns and clustering in the distribution of soil‐transmitted helminth (STH) infections, and factors associated with hookworm infections in a tribal population in Tamil Nadu, I ndia. Methods Cross‐sectional study with one‐stage cluster sampli...
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| Published in: | Tropical medicine & international health 2013-12, Vol.18 (12), p.1452-1462 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Abstract
Objectives
To estimate the prevalence, spatial patterns and clustering in the distribution of soil‐transmitted helminth (STH) infections, and factors associated with hookworm infections in a tribal population in Tamil Nadu,
I
ndia.
Methods
Cross‐sectional study with one‐stage cluster sampling of 22 clusters. Demographic and risk factor data and stool samples for microscopic ova/cysts examination were collected from 1237 participants. Geographical information systems mapping assessed spatial patterns of infection.
Results
The overall prevalence of
STH
was 39% (95%
CI
36%–42%), with hookworm 38% (95%
CI
35–41%) and
A
scaris lumbricoides
1.5% (95%
CI
0.8–2.2%). No
T
richuris trichiura
infection was detected. People involved in farming had higher odds of hookworm infection (1.68, 95%
CI
1.31–2.17,
P
<
0.001). In the multiple logistic regression, adults (2.31, 95%
CI
1.80–2.96,
P
<
0.001), people with pet cats (1.55, 95%
CI
1.10–2.18,
P
=
0.011) and people who did not wash their hands with soap after defecation (1.84, 95%
CI
1.27–2.67,
P
=
0.001) had higher odds of hookworm infection, but gender and poor usage of foot wear did not significantly increase risk. Cluster analysis, based on design effect calculation, did not show any clustering of cases among the study population; however, spatial scan statistic detected a significant cluster for hookworm infections in one village.
Conclusion
Multiple approaches including health education, improving the existing sanitary practices and regular preventive chemotherapy are needed to control the burden of
STH
in similar endemic areas.
Objectifs
Estimer la prévalence, le profil spatial et le regroupement dans la distribution des géohelminthiases, les facteurs associés à l'ankylostomiase dans une population tribale à Tamil Nadu, en Inde.
Méthodes
Etude transversale avec un stade d’échantillonnage en 22 grappes. Les données démographiques, les facteurs de risques et des échantillons de selles pour l'examen microscopique pour les œufs/kystes, ont été recueillis chez 1237 participants. La cartographie par les systèmes d'information géographique a évalué la répartition spatiale de l'infection.
Résultats
La prévalence globale des géohelminthiases était de 39% (
IC
95%: 36–42), avec 38% (
IC
95% 35–41) d'ankylostome et 1.5% (
IC
95%: 0.8–2.2) d’
Ascaris lumbricoides
. Aucune infection à
Trichuris trichiura
n'a été détectée. Les personnes impliquées dans l'agriculture étaient plus susceptibles de l'ankylosto |
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| ISSN: | 1360-2276 1365-3156 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/tmi.12205 |